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Acciones por país para cumplir con los compromisos de las Naciones Unidas sobre enfermedades no transmisibles: un
Ruth Bonita1, Roger Magnusson, Pascal Bovet
1University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. r.bonita@auckland.ac.nz
Lancet (London, England)
|February 16, 2013
Resumen
Los líderes nacionales deben dar prioridad a las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) para cumplir con los objetivos de la ONU. Un enfoque gradual que incluya planificación, implementación y rendición de cuentas puede reducir la mortalidad prematura por ENT en un 25% para 2025.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Política de salud global Política de salud global.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las enfermedades no transmisibles (ENT) representan un importante desafío para la salud mundial.
- Los compromisos nacionales con la declaración política de las Naciones Unidas sobre las ENT requieren un fuerte liderazgo.
- El objetivo de reducir la mortalidad prematura por ENT en un 25% para 2025 (25 por 25 objetivo) requiere una acción estratégica.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Trazar una estrategia nacional de respuesta a las ENT alineada con los compromisos de las Naciones Unidas.
- Proponer un enfoque por etapas para la prevención y el control efectivos de las ENT.
- Hacer hincapié en la necesidad de rendición de cuentas en el logro de los objetivos de reducción de ENT.
Principales métodos:
- Un marco nacional de respuesta en tres pasos: planificación, implementación y rendición de cuentas.
- Movilizar la colaboración multisectorial para los planes de acción nacionales de las ENT.
- Centrándose en las intervenciones prioritarias, factibles y rentables de las ENT.
Principales resultados:
- Un enfoque por etapas puede lograr el objetivo de 25 por 25 con un mínimo de recursos financieros adicionales.
- La planificación efectiva requiere el desarrollo de la capacidad humana, financiera y reguladora.
- La rendición de cuentas implica el monitoreo, la revisión y la respuesta al progreso.
Conclusiones:
- Un liderazgo fuerte es crucial para cumplir con los compromisos de las NCD de la ONU.
- Una comisión nacional independiente de NCD es vital para la rendición de cuentas de las partes interesadas.
- Una respuesta nacional estructurada puede reducir efectivamente la mortalidad prematura por ENT.
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