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Julio 2012 La extensión del derretimiento de Groenlandia aumentada por nubes líquidas de bajo nivel
R Bennartz1, M D Shupe, D D Turner
1Atmospheric and Oceanic Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. bennartz@aos.wisc.edu
Nature
|April 5, 2013
Resumen
Las delgadas nubes líquidas de bajo nivel amplificaron Groenlandia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Climatología y climatología.
- Ciencias de la atmósfera Ciencias atmosféricas.
- Glaciología glaciología.
Sus antecedentes:
- El derretimiento de las capas de hielo contribuye al aumento global del nivel del mar.
- El derretimiento de la superficie inusual ocurrió a través de la capa de hielo de Groenlandia en julio de 2012.
- El papel de las nubes en los eventos de fusión de la superficie del Ártico requiere una mayor investigación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar el papel de las nubes líquidas de bajo nivel en el evento de derretimiento de la capa de hielo de Groenlandia en 2012.
- Para entender las propiedades radiativas de las nubes que mejoran la fusión de la superficie.
- Para evaluar la frecuencia de tales nubes en el Ártico.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizó observaciones basadas en la superficie y datos de teledetección.
- Empleó un modelo de balance de energía superficial.
- Analizó el grosor óptico de la nube y los efectos radiativos.
Principales resultados:
- Las nubes líquidas ópticamente delgadas y de bajo nivel aumentaron las temperaturas cercanas a la superficie al aumentar la radiación infrarroja descendente y permitir la penetración de la radiación solar.
- Estas nubes fueron cruciales para el extenso derretimiento de la superficie observado en julio de 2012.
- Tales nubes son frecuentes en el Ártico (30-50% del tiempo).
Conclusiones:
- Las nubes líquidas delgadas y de bajo nivel juegan un papel importante en los eventos de fusión de la capa de hielo del Ártico.
- Los modelos climáticos pueden no predecir adecuadamente estas nubes, lo que afecta a las simulaciones de presupuesto de energía de la superficie del Ártico.
- La comprensión de estos procesos en la nube es vital para evaluaciones precisas de retroalimentación sobre el cambio climático.
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