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Reducción arqueal (per) clorato a alta temperatura: una interacción de las reacciones bióticas y abióticas
Martin G Liebensteiner1, Martijn W H Pinkse, Peter J Schaap
1Laboratory of Microbiology, Wageningen University, Dreijenplein 10, 6703 HB Wageningen, Netherlands.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|April 6, 2013
Resumen
Este estudio revela que las arqueas, específicamente Archaeoglobus fulgidus, pueden reducir los aniones de perclorato y clorato. Este antiguo proceso biológico puede haber influido en la Tierra temprana.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología ambiental microbiología ambiental.
- Biogeoquímica La biogeoquímica es la bioquímica.
- Las arqueas son las arqueas.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los aniones perclorato y clorato son contaminantes ambientales utilizados por las bacterias como aceptores de electrones.
- Anteriormente se pensaba que la reducción biológica de estos aniones estaba limitada a las bacterias.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar el potencial para la reducción del perclorato y el clorato en el dominio arqueológico.
- Para aclarar la vía bioquímica y las implicaciones ambientales de la reducción arqueal (per) clorato.
Principales métodos:
- Experimentos de crecimiento con el hipertermófilo Archaeoglobus fulgidus.
- Análisis genómicos y proteómicos para identificar enzimas y vías relevantes.
- Investigando el destino de los intermediarios de clorito.
Principales resultados:
- Archaeoglobus fulgidus demuestra la capacidad para la reducción del (per) clorato, extendiendo este proceso a las arqueas.
- La vía involucra enzimas de molibdo similares a las contrapartes bacterianas.
- El clorito no se descompone enzimáticamente, sino que se elimina a través de reacciones redox abióticas / bióticas con compuestos de azufre.
Conclusiones:
- La reducción biológica (per) clorada no es exclusiva de las bacterias y ocurre en las arqueas.
- Esta antigua actividad arqueal puede haber regulado las condiciones redox de la Tierra temprana antes de la fotosíntesis oxigenada.
- La comprensión de esta vía proporciona información sobre los primeros ciclos biogeoquímicos.
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