Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 12, 2026
11:32
Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria
Published on: February 23, 2014
La carga global de la neumonía y la diarrea en la infancia
Christa L Fischer Walker1, Igor Rudan2, Li Liu1
1Department of International Health, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|April 16, 2013
Resumen
La diarrea y la neumonía son las principales amenazas infecciosas para los niños en todo el mundo. Los programas integrados de control son esenciales para reducir las altas tasas de morbilidad y mortalidad infantil por estas enfermedades.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Global La salud global.
- La pediatría es la medicina de los niños.
- Enfermedades infecciosas Enfermedades infecciosas.
Sus antecedentes:
- La diarrea y la neumonía son las principales causas infecciosas de muerte y enfermedad en niños en todo el mundo.
- Existe una carga significativa de enfermedades, particularmente en los primeros dos años de vida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar exhaustivamente la epidemiología de la diarrea infantil y la neumonía en 2010-11.
- Informar la planificación de programas integrados de control para ambas enfermedades.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión epidemiológica de los datos de diarrea y neumonía infantil de 2010-11.
- Estimación de los episodios de la enfermedad, la gravedad y la mortalidad en niños menores de cinco años.
Principales resultados:
- En 2010, se produjeron 1.730 millones de episodios de diarrea y 120 millones de episodios de neumonía en niños menores de cinco años.
- En 2011, se estimaron 700.000 muertes por diarrea y 1,3 millones de muertes por neumonía.
- Los factores de riesgo compartidos como la desnutrición y las deficiencias contribuyen a la superposición de la epidemiología de la enfermedad.
Conclusiones:
- La morbilidad y mortalidad por neumonía infantil y diarrea están disminuyendo.
- Las acciones a nivel mundial y nacional son cruciales para acelerar la reducción de las muertes infantiles.
- Se recomiendan programas de control integrados que aborden los factores de riesgo compartidos.
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:29Pneumonia I: Introduction
Pneumonia is an infection of the lower respiratory tract that leads to inflammation of the lung parenchyma, often resulting in the accumulation of inflammatory exudate in the alveoli and airways. Unlike the watery, low-protein fluid exudate in pulmonary edema, the exudate in this case is a thick fluid rich in immune cells, proteins, and debris produced during infection and inflammation.This impairs gas exchange and can lead to consolidation of lung tissue. The infection may be caused by a...
01:30Pneumonia I: Introduction
Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...
01:30Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention
Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed.
01:30Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment
Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:
01:29Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology
The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:
01:17Other Pulmonary Disorders
Respiratory disorders encompass a range of conditions with varying levels of severity. Asthma, marked by chronic airway inflammation and hypersensitivity, is one such condition. It can lead to airway obstruction due to factors like bronchial spasms, mucosal edema, increased mucus secretion, or epithelial damage. Asthma triggers are diverse, ranging from allergens to emotional upset, and treatment focuses on both immediate relief through bronchodilators and long-term inflammation suppression.