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La astrogénesis protectora del nicho SVZ después de la lesión está controlada por el modulador Notch Thbs44
Eric J Benner1, Dominic Luciano, Rebecca Jo
1George and Jean Brumley Neonatal-Perinatal Research Institute, Department of Pediatrics, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
Nature
|April 26, 2013
Resumen
Las células madre neurales (CNS) en el cerebro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología de las células madre Biología de las células madre
- Biología Glial Biología Glial.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las células madre neurales postnatales / adultas (CNS) en la zona subventricular (SVZ) generan neuroblastos para el bulbo olfativo.
- Las SVZ NSC también pueden diferenciarse en astrocitos, pero las condiciones que favorecen la astrogénesis sobre la neurogénesis no están claras.
- Las propiedades de los astrocitos derivados de SVZ en comparación con otros astrocitos cerebrales no se comprenden bien.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar las condiciones que favorecen la astrogénesis sobre la neurogénesis en el nicho SVZ.
- Para caracterizar los astrocitos derivados de SVZ y su papel en la lesión cerebral.
- Para dilucidar los mecanismos moleculares que regulan la astrogénesis SVZ después de la lesión.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron ratones con el rastreo de linaje de nestin-creER(tm) 4 inducible al tamoxifeno.
- Se investigó la expresión de la trombospondina 4 (Thbs4) en astrocitos derivados del SVZ.
- Examinó el papel de la señalización de Thbs4 y Notch en la astrogénesis de SVZ después de una lesión cortical fototrombótica / isquémica.
- Analizado Thbs4 knockout homocigótico (Thbs4(KO/KO)) ratones para los déficits celulares y funcionales después de la lesión.
Principales resultados:
- Los astrocitos generados por SVZ expresan altos niveles de trombospondina 4 (Thbs4), a diferencia de los astrocitos corticales.
- La lesión cortical aumenta notablemente la producción de astrocitos Thbs4 ((hi) desde el nicho SVZ.
- Los astrocitos Thbs4(hi) derivados de SVZ, no los neuroblastos, migran a la corteza lesionada, lo que requiere la activación de Notch modulada por Thbs4.4.
- Los ratones Thbs4 knockout exhiben una astrogénesis SVZ deteriorada, un aumento de la migración de los neuroblastos a los sitios de lesión, cicatrices gliales anormales y hemorragia microvascular.
Conclusiones:
- La trombospondina 4 (Thbs4) juega un papel crítico en la dirección de las células madre neurales SVZ (NSC) hacia la astrogénesis después de una lesión cortical.
- La activación de Notch mediada por Thbs4 es esencial para la respuesta astrogénica posterior a la lesión y la formación adecuada de cicatrices gliales.
- La desregulación de Thbs4 afecta el destino del NSC, lo que lleva a respuestas celulares aberrantes y un mayor daño cerebral, con implicaciones para las estrategias terapéuticas.
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