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Origen y diversidad de los nuevos virus de la gripe aviar A H7N9 que causan infección humana: análisis filogenéticos,
1CAS Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Microbiology and Immunology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 7, 2013
Resumen
El nuevo virus de la gripe aviar A H7N9 probablemente se originó en al menos cuatro fuentes, incluyendo patos y pollos como huéspedes intermedios. Esta reorganización condujo a linajes virales distintos, lo que requirió una vigilancia global mejorada de la influenza aviar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Virología Virología.
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Epidemiología La epidemiología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Un nuevo virus de la gripe aviar A H7N9 que infecta a los seres humanos fue identificado en China el 30 de marzo de 2013.
- El virus se extendió rápidamente en seis provincias, lo que provocó una investigación urgente sobre sus orígenes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los orígenes y los eventos de reordenamiento del nuevo virus de la gripe aviar A H7N9.
- Para correlacionar los datos genómicos con la información ecológica para los análisis filogenéticos y coalescentes.
Principales métodos:
- Se han descargado secuencias del genoma H7N9 de GISAID y de Influenza Virus Resource.
- Construyó árboles filogenéticos utilizando réplicas de bootstrap y análisis evolutivo bayesiano (BEAST).
- Empleó alineación de secuencias y modelado de homología para estudiar mutaciones que afectan la unión al receptor humano.
Principales resultados:
- El virus H7N9 fue el resultado de múltiples eventos de reajuste, con genes originarios de virus de gripe aviar de patos y aves migratorias.
- Los genes internos probablemente se derivan de dos grupos distintos de virus de la gripe aviar H9N2.
- Patos y pollos identificados como probables huéspedes intermedios; los aislados formaron dos subclases separadas.
Conclusiones:
- El virus H7N9 evolucionó a partir de al menos cuatro orígenes distintos, lo que indica una reorganización compleja.
- La diversidad viral sugiere la aparición de al menos dos linajes H7N9.
- Es crucial una mayor vigilancia y monitoreo global de la transmisión de aves de corral domésticas a humanos.
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