Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: May 4, 2026

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Laser-heating and Radiance Spectrometry for the Study of Nuclear Materials in Conditions Simulating a Nuclear Power Plant Accident

Published on: December 14, 2017

Estudios de núcleos en forma de pera utilizando haces radiactivos acelerados

L P Gaffney¹, P A Butler, M Scheck

¹Oliver Lodge Laboratory, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 7ZE, UK.

|May 10, 2013

Resumen

Los investigadores encontraron evidencia de núcleos atómicos en forma de pera, conocidos como deformación octupolar, en los isótopos de radón y radio. Este descubrimiento ayuda a la teoría de la estructura nuclear y la búsqueda de la física más allá del modelo estándar.

Área de la Ciencia:

Física nuclear es la física nuclear.
Física atómica es la física atómica.

Sus antecedentes:

Los núcleos atómicos suelen exhibir una deformación cuádrupole (forma de pelota de rugby).
La deformación del octopolo (forma de pera) en los núcleos es teóricamente significativa, pero experimentalmente es elusiva.
Los núcleos deformados por octopolos son cruciales para comprender la estructura nuclear y la búsqueda de la física más allá del Modelo Estándar, ya que pueden amplificar los momentos eléctricos dipolo.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para determinar experimentalmente las fuerzas de transición de octopolo eléctrico, una medida directa de las correlaciones de octopolo.
Para investigar la deformación octupolar en los isótopos de vida corta del radón y el radio.
Para diferenciar entre los modelos teóricos de las correlaciones octopolo e identificar candidatos para búsquedas de momento eléctrico-dipolo.

Principales métodos:

Realizó experimentos de excitación de Coulomb utilizando haces acelerados de iones radiactivos pesados.
Fortalezas de transición de octopolo eléctrico medidas para los isótopos (220) Rn y (224) Ra.
Se analizaron los datos experimentales para evaluar el grado de deformación octupolar.

Principales resultados:

Proporcionó pruebas claras de una mayor deformación del octopolo en (224) Ra en comparación con (220) Rn.
Fortalezas cuantificadas de la transición octopólica, que ofrecen una visión directa de las correlaciones octopólicas.
Los hallazgos apoyan la existencia y la importancia de núcleos deformados octupolares.

Conclusiones:

Los datos experimentales permiten la discriminación entre los enfoques teóricos de la competencia a las correlaciones de octopolo nuclear.
Los resultados ayudan a identificar candidatos adecuados para futuros experimentos en busca de momentos dipolo eléctrico atómico.
Esta investigación avanza en la comprensión de la estructura nuclear y el potencial para descubrir nueva física más allá del Modelo Estándar.

Más Videos Relacionados

In Situ Detection and Single Cell Quantification of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Nuclear Microprobe Analysis

In Situ Detection and Single Cell Quantification of Metal Oxide Nanoparticles Using Nuclear Microprobe Analysis

Published on: February 3, 2018

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Neutron Radiography and Computed Tomography of Biological Systems at the Oak Ridge National Laboratory's High Flux Isotope Reactor

Published on: May 7, 2021

Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Nuclear Stability

Nuclear Stability

Protons and neutrons, collectively called nucleons, are packed together tightly in a nucleus. With a radius of about 10−15 meters, a nucleus is quite small compared to the radius of the entire atom, which is about 10−10 meters. Nuclei are extremely dense compared to bulk matter, averaging 1.8 × 1014 grams per cubic centimeter. If the earth’s density were equal to the average nuclear density, the earth’s radius would be only about 200 meters.
To hold positively charged protons together...

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear Transmutation

Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...

The Nucleolus

The Nucleolus

The nucleolus is the most prominent substructure of the nucleus. When it was first discovered, it was considered to be an isolated organelle that forms fibrils and granules. In 1931, the relationship between the nucleolus and chromosomes was first described by Heitz. He observed that the appearance and size of nucleolus varies depending on the stage of the cell cycle. He also noticed constricted regions on different chromosomes clustered together at definite cell cycle stages. These regions,...

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

Atomic Nuclei: Nuclear Relaxation Processes

In the absence of an external magnetic field, nuclear spin states are degenerate and randomly oriented. When a magnetic field is applied, the spins begin to precess and orient themselves along (lower energy) or against (higher energy) the direction of the field. At equilibrium, a slight excess population of spins exists in the lower energy state. Because the direction of the magnetic field is fixed as the z-axis, the precessing magnetic moments are randomly oriented around the z-axis.

Isotopes and Radioisotopes

Isotopes and Radioisotopes

In the early 1900s, English chemist Frederick Soddy realized that an element could have atoms with different masses that were chemically indistinguishable. These different types are called isotopes — atoms of the same element that differ in mass. Isotopes differ in mass because they have different numbers of neutrons but are chemically identical because they have the same number of protons. Soddy was awarded the Nobel Prize in Chemistry in 1921 for this discovery.
An isotope containing...

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Imaging Studies II: Positron Emission Tomography and Scintigraphy

Positron Emission Tomography (PET) is a medical imaging technique that provides crucial insights into the body's physiological functions at a molecular level. It is an indispensable resource for diagnosing, staging, and monitoring various illnesses, notably cancer, neurological disorders, and cardiovascular conditions.
Fundamental Principles of PET