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La moral y los mercados

Armin Falk¹, Nora Szech

¹Center for Economics and Neuroscience, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany. armin.falk@uni-bonn.de

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 11, 2013

Resumen

Este resumen es generado por máquina.

La interacción del mercado reduce significativamente los valores morales, especialmente en lo que respecta al daño a los demás. Los experimentos muestran que las personas están más dispuestas a hacer daño en los mercados, con los precios de la vida deteriorándose en entornos multilaterales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencias Sociales Ciencias Sociales.
Ética y ética de la ética.
La economía experimental es la economía experimental.

Sus antecedentes:

Una hipótesis de larga data sugiere que la interacción del mercado puede erosionar los valores morales.
La evidencia empírica que apoya esta hipótesis de la decadencia moral ha sido limitada.
Comprender cómo los mercados influyen en la toma de decisiones éticas es crucial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Proporcionar evidencia experimental controlada sobre el impacto de la interacción del mercado en los valores morales.
Investigar cómo los mecanismos de mercado afectan a la valoración del daño a terceros.

Principales métodos:

Experimento de laboratorio controlado que compara las decisiones individuales con las interacciones del mercado (bilateral y multilateral).
Los sujetos se enfrentaron a una elección entre salvar la vida de un ratón o recibir una compensación monetaria.
Las elecciones morales se contrastaban con las decisiones de consumo moralmente neutrales.

Principales resultados:

La voluntad de causar daño (matar al ratón) fue significativamente mayor en los entornos de mercado bilaterales y multilaterales en comparación con las decisiones individuales.
En los mercados multilaterales, el valor monetario asignado a la preservación de la vida disminuyó sustancialmente.
Las instituciones de mercado tenían un impacto mínimo en las decisiones que involucraban opciones de consumo moralmente neutrales.

Conclusiones:

La interacción del mercado erosiona de manera demostrable las consideraciones morales con respecto al daño a terceros.
La intensidad de la interacción del mercado (multilateral versus bilateral) exacerba el deterioro de los valores morales.
La decadencia moral es específica de los contextos que implican el daño, no las opciones generales de consumo.