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La redefinición de la prestación global de atención de la salud
Jim Yong Kim1, Paul Farmer, Michael E Porter
1The World Bank Group, Washington, DC, USA.
Lancet (London, England)
|May 24, 2013
Resumen
Abordar la pobreza y las enfermedades graves requiere una prestación integrada de atención médica. Un nuevo marco utiliza cadenas de valor para mejorar la atención de enfermedades como el VIH / SIDA, asegurando mejores resultados para los pacientes y el desarrollo económico.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud global La salud global.
- Sistemas de prestación de atención médica Sistemas de prestación de atención médica.
- Servicios de salud Servicios de salud Investigación Investigación.
Sus antecedentes:
- La pobreza y las enfermedades graves presentan necesidades complejas y no satisfechas, a menudo abordadas por iniciativas fragmentadas y no evaluadas.
- Las evaluaciones existentes de las intervenciones de salud son a menudo estrechas, centrándose en la rentabilidad de un solo problema en lugar del valor integral para el paciente.
- La prestación efectiva de atención médica global requiere un enfoque a nivel de sistemas para las complejas necesidades de los pacientes.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer un marco para la prestación y evaluación global de la atención médica.
- Introducir el concepto de cadenas de valor de la prestación de cuidados para el análisis a nivel de sistemas.
- Para guiar la integración de las iniciativas de salud para mejorar los resultados de los pacientes y el desarrollo económico.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando la atención del VIH/SIDA en entornos de escasos recursos como modelo.
- Aplicación de análisis a nivel de sistemas a través de las cadenas de valor de la prestación de atención.
- Integrar proyectos verticales en infraestructura compartida y alinear la entrega con el contexto local y los determinantes sociales de la salud.
Principales resultados:
- Las cadenas de valor de la prestación de cuidados permiten un análisis exhaustivo de las intervenciones necesarias para la atención de alto valor.
- La integración en una infraestructura compartida optimiza la utilización de los recursos y las economías de escala.
- La alineación con el contexto local y los determinantes sociales mejora los resultados de salud y promueve el desarrollo equitativo.
Conclusiones:
- Un marco a nivel de sistemas, que incorpore las cadenas de valor de la prestación de atención, es esencial para mejorar la atención médica global.
- La integración de iniciativas fragmentadas y la alineación con los contextos locales son cruciales para ofrecer valor a los pacientes que se enfrentan a la pobreza y la enfermedad.
- Invertir en la prestación de cuidados puede promover simultáneamente la equidad en salud y el desarrollo económico.
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