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1Department of Physics, Center for the Physics of Living Cells and Institute for Genomic Biology University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|May 25, 2013
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo método para medir las fuerzas que las células utilizan para interactuar con su entorno. Descubrieron que las células aplican unos 40 piconewtons a los enlaces integrina-ligando y menos de 12 pN para activar los receptores Notch.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Mecánica celular La mecánica celular es la mecánica celular.
- Biología molecular La biología molecular.
- La biofísica es la biofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las funciones celulares y el desarrollo multicelular dependen de interacciones mecánicas a través de receptores de membrana.
- Comprender las fuerzas de una sola molécula es crucial para descifrar las vías de señalización receptor-ligando.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Desarrollar un método para medir las fuerzas precisas requeridas para activar enlaces individuales ligando-receptor.
- Para cuantificar las fuerzas mecánicas que las células ejercen durante la adhesión inicial y la activación del receptor.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrolló el enfoque del cable de tensión (TGT), inmovilizando los ligandos a través de un cable rompible.
- Utilizó ataduras con tolerancias de tensión sintonizables para restringir la tensión receptor-ligando.
- Aplicado TGT para medir las fuerzas sobre los enlaces integrina-ligando y los receptores Notch.
Principales resultados:
- Las células aplican una tensión máxima universal de aproximadamente 40 piconewtons (pN) a los enlaces integrina-ligando individuales durante la adhesión inicial.
- La activación de los receptores de Notch requiere menos de 12 pN de fuerza.
- El enfoque TGT puede proporcionar señales mecánicas moleculares definidas para regular las funciones celulares.
Conclusiones:
- El método TGT mide con precisión las fuerzas de una sola molécula en la adhesión celular y la señalización.
- Los umbrales de fuerza específicos son críticos para la activación de los receptores celulares clave como las integrinas y Notch.
- Esta técnica ofrece una nueva herramienta para investigar la mecanotransducción y controlar el comportamiento celular.
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The Notch gene came into the limelight in 1914 after the discovery that its mutation in Drosophila melanogaster leads to a serrated (or "notched") wing margin phenotype. It was not until 1985...
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