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El origen de las cuencas de mascón lunar
H J Melosh1, Andrew M Freed, Brandon C Johnson
1Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, Purdue University, 550 Stadium Mall Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907, USA. jmelosh@purdue.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 1, 2013
Resumen
Las concentraciones de masa lunar (mascons) son el resultado de la excavación de la cuenca de impacto, el colapso y el ajuste isostático. Los datos del Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory (GRAIL) revelan patrones de gravedad de ojo de toros vinculados a estos procesos y al enfriamiento de la piscina de fusión.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- Geología Lunar Geología Lunar
Sus antecedentes:
- Las concentraciones de masa lunar (mascons) son regiones de anomalías de gravedad positiva en la Luna.
- Estudios anteriores sugirieron que los mascons se originaron en procesos de impacto, pero carecían de una explicación detallada.
- La misión GRAIL (Gravity Recovery and Interior Laboratory) proporcionó datos de la gravedad en alta resolución.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para aclarar el origen de las mascotas lunares utilizando datos de gravedad de GRAIL.
- Para explicar los patrones característicos de anomalías de la gravedad del ojo de toros asociados con las cuencas de impacto.
- Para modelar los procesos geofísicos responsables de la formación de las mascotas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las anomalías de la gravedad en el aire libre de alta resolución de GRAIL.
- Simulación de la formación de la cuenca de impacto utilizando el modelo de hidrocodo.
- Modelado de la posterior relajación viscoelástica y enfriamiento utilizando el análisis de elementos finitos.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron patrones de gravedad de ojo de toros (collar positivo central, negativo, anillo positivo externo) sobre las cuencas de impacto lunar.
- Se demostró que estos patrones surgen de la excavación por impacto, el colapso y el ajuste isostático.
- Identificó el papel de una piscina de fusión voluminosa de enfriamiento y contracción en la configuración de la firma de la gravedad.
Conclusiones:
- Los mascos lunares son una consecuencia directa de los grandes eventos de impacto seguidos por la relajación geológica y el enfriamiento.
- Los parámetros clave que influyen en las firmas de gravedad de las mascotas incluyen la energía del impactador, el gradiente térmico lunar, el grosor de la corteza y el relleno volcánico.
- El estudio proporciona un modelo geofísico completo para la formación de mascones, validado por los datos de GRAIL.
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