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Educación médica de pregrado de educación médica
H S Jonas1, S I Etzel, B Barzansky
1American Medical Association, Division of Undergraduate Medical Education.
JAMA
|August 15, 1990
Resumen
El número de solicitantes a la escuela de medicina de los Estados Unidos aumentó en 1989, con más mujeres y estudiantes de minorías. Las vacantes de la facultad y la rotación de decanos persisten, mientras que están surgiendo métodos de enseñanza innovadores. Las escuelas de medicina están abordando las preocupaciones de salud de los estudiantes como el VIH y la hepatitis B.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Educación médica y educación médica.
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- La fuerza laboral de la atención médica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El número de solicitantes a la escuela de medicina de los Estados Unidos disminuyó entre 1985 y 1988.
- La escasez de profesores y la rotación de decanos presentan desafíos en las instituciones médicas.
- Los problemas de salud emergentes entre estudiantes y residentes requieren atención.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las tendencias en las admisiones a las escuelas de medicina de los Estados Unidos y la demografía de los estudiantes.
- Evaluar el personal de la facultad, la estabilidad administrativa y las innovaciones curriculares.
- Informar sobre la prevalencia de las infecciones por VIH y hepatitis B en las escuelas de medicina y recomendar medidas preventivas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de los datos de los solicitantes y de los perfiles de los estudiantes que ingresan.
- Revisión de las tasas de vacantes de profesores en varios departamentos de escuelas de medicina.
- Datos de encuestas sobre formatos curriculares, métodos de evaluación de estudiantes y casos reportados de enfermedades infecciosas.
Principales resultados:
- Un ligero aumento en los solicitantes para 1989, con mayores porcentajes de mujeres y estudiantes de minorías.
- Significativas tasas de vacantes de profesores (más del 5%) en múltiples especialidades y una considerable rotación de decanos.
- Aumento de las transferencias de estudiantes de programas de posgrado/profesionales y osteopáticos; casos reportados de infecciones por VIH y hepatitis B.
Conclusiones:
- Las escuelas de medicina están experimentando cambios demográficos en los cuerpos estudiantiles y desafíos persistentes en la fuerza laboral.
- Se están adoptando métodos de enseñanza innovadores, pero su uso generalizado no está confirmado.
- Abordar los riesgos de salud ocupacional, incluidos el VIH y la hepatitis B, es crucial para la educación médica y el bienestar de los estudiantes.
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