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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Language and Cognition01:27

Language and Cognition

Language serves as a bridge between ideas and communication, influencing how individuals perceive and interact with the world. Psychologists have long debated whether language shapes thought or vice versa. This discussion gained grip with Edward Sapir and Benjamin Lee Whorf in the 1940s, who proposed that language determines thought, a concept known as linguistic determinism. They suggested that the vocabulary and structure of a language influence how its speakers think and perceive reality.
Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language01:10

Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language

Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Lateralization01:28

Lateralization

Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
Language Development01:22

Language Development

Children master language quickly and with relative ease, supported by both biological predisposition and reinforcement. B. F. Skinner (1957) proposed that language is learned through reinforcement, while Noam Chomsky (1965) argued that language acquisition mechanisms are biologically determined.
The critical period for language acquisition suggests that the ability to acquire language is at its peak early in life. As people age, this proficiency decreases. Language development begins very...
Cerebral Hemispheres01:05

Cerebral Hemispheres

The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
Autism Spectrum Disorder01:19

Autism Spectrum Disorder

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental condition marked by persistent deficits in social communication and interaction alongside restrictive and repetitive behaviors or interests. ASD is sometimes accompanied by intellectual impairment.
These core symptoms manifest differently among individuals, ranging from mild to severe. The disorder's complexity extends beyond its clinical presentation, encompassing a diverse range of biological, cognitive, and sociocultural influences.

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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: May 10, 2026

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans
08:29

Symmetric Bihemispheric Postmortem Brain Cutting to Study Healthy and Pathological Brain Conditions in Humans

Published on: December 18, 2016

Asimetría cerebral y desarrollo del lenguaje: ¿causa, correlación o consecuencia?

Dorothy V M Bishop1

  • 1Department of Experimental Psychology, University of Oxford, 9 South Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3UD, UK. dorothy.bishop@psy.ox.ac.uk

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 15, 2013
PubMed
Resumen

La lateralización del cerebro, la lateralización del cerebro, el cerebro.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • Psicología del desarrollo Psicología del desarrollo.
  • Genética La genética.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El procesamiento del lenguaje es típicamente dominante en el hemisferio izquierdo, pero las razones no están claras.
  • Los trastornos del lenguaje en el desarrollo a menudo están relacionados con la lateralización cerebral atípica, aunque la evidencia ha sido históricamente débil.
  • La neuroimagen moderna permite un estudio detallado de la lateralización cerebral durante el desarrollo.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar la relación entre la lateralización cerebral y las deficiencias del lenguaje y la alfabetización en el desarrollo.
  • Explorar los orígenes y la estabilidad de la lateralización cerebral, particularmente en relación con el desarrollo del lenguaje.
  • Reevaluar el concepto de asimetría cerebral considerando su multidimensionalidad y trayectoria de desarrollo.

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Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó técnicas modernas de neuroimagen para examinar la lateralización cerebral en individuos en desarrollo.
  • Analizó la asociación entre los patrones de lateralización cerebral y las habilidades de lenguaje / alfabetización.
  • Se evaluó la heredabilidad y la estabilidad de la lateralización cerebral a lo largo del tiempo de desarrollo.

Principales resultados:

  • Conexiones confirmadas entre la lateralización cerebral atípica y las deficiencias del lenguaje/alfabetización utilizando neuroimágenes.
  • Se encontraron pruebas limitadas de orígenes genéticos comunes entre la lateralización cerebral débil y estas deficiencias.
  • Desafió la visión de la lateralización cerebral como un rasgo estable y altamente heredable.

Conclusiones:

  • La lateralización atípica del lenguaje se asocia con trastornos del lenguaje y la alfabetización.
  • La lateralización cerebral débil puede no compartir bases genéticas comunes con los trastornos del lenguaje.
  • La lateralización cerebral podría ser una consecuencia del deterioro del aprendizaje del lenguaje en lugar de un rasgo estable y heredado.