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La estabilidad de la subida activa del manto revelada por las características netas de la tectónica de placas
Clinton P Conrad1, Bernhard Steinberger, Trond H Torsvik
1Department of Geology and Geophysics, SOEST, University of Hawaii at Mānoa, Honolulu, Hawaii 96822, USA. clintc@hawaii.edu
Nature
|June 28, 2013
Resumen
Los patrones de flujo del manto global pueden revelarse mediante el análisis de los movimientos de las placas tectónicas. Este estudio reconstruye los movimientos pasados de las placas para comprender la dinámica profunda de la Tierra y el surgimiento del manto a largo plazo.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La geofísica es la geofísica.
- La tectónica es la tectónica.
- Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra
Sus antecedentes:
- La convección del manto impulsa el movimiento de las placas tectónicas y la deformación de la superficie.
- Investigar el flujo pasado del manto es un desafío debido a los limitados datos históricos.
- La geología de la superficie está estrechamente vinculada a la dinámica del manto profundo a lo largo de la historia de la Tierra.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para deducir la dependencia temporal del flujo del manto a escala global de los movimientos de las placas superficiales.
- Investigar la relación histórica entre la tectónica de placas y la dinámica del manto.
- Para identificar la estabilidad a largo plazo del flujo ascendente del manto.
Principales métodos:
- Momentos dipolo y cuadrupolo computarizados de los movimientos de las placas utilizando reconstrucciones tectónicas que se remontan a la era mesozoica temprana.
- Localizaciones geográficas rastreadas de convergencia y divergencia netas para grados armónicos 1 y 2.
- Orientaciones comparadas de las características de movimiento de las placas con los patrones de flujo del manto subyacentes.
Principales resultados:
- Los movimientos actuales de las placas muestran convergencia dipolar en el este de Asia y divergencia cuádruple en África central y el Pacífico central.
- Estas características de movimiento de las placas coinciden estrechamente con los patrones de flujo del manto subyacente.
- Las ubicaciones de divergencia de cuádrupolos se han mantenido estables durante los últimos 250 millones de años, lo que sugiere un persistente flujo ascendente del manto.
Conclusiones:
- Las características netas de los movimientos de las placas superficiales sirven como indicadores de los patrones de flujo del manto profundo.
- El flujo ascendente estable del manto debajo de África y el Océano Pacífico puede estar organizado por distintas regiones del manto inferior.
- Esta investigación proporciona información sobre la evolución a largo plazo de la dinámica del manto y su influencia en la superficie de la Tierra.
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