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La reducción gradual frente al cese abrupto como estrategia para dejar de fumar en fumadores que desean dejar de
Nicola Lindson-Hawley1, Paul Aveyard, John R Hughes
1Primary Care Clinical Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, England. n.l.lindson@bham.ac.uk
JAMA
|July 4, 2013
Resumen
Dejar de fumar gradualmente puede ser tan efectivo como dejar de fumar abruptamente para los fumadores que buscan dejar de fumar. Este hallazgo sugiere que ambos métodos pueden conducir a tasas de éxito comparables para dejar de fumar.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Pública La salud pública.
- Medicina de la adicción Medicina de la adicción
- Ciencias del comportamiento Ciencias del comportamiento.
Sus antecedentes:
- Fumar sigue siendo una de las principales causas de muerte prevenible en todo el mundo.
- La adicción a la nicotina presenta desafíos significativos para los intentos de cesación.
- Existen varias estrategias para dejar de fumar, incluyendo métodos graduales y abruptos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para determinar si el abandono gradual del tabaquismo se asocia con tasas de éxito más bajas en comparación con el abandono abrupto.
- Comparar la eficacia de diferentes enfoques para dejar de fumar en individuos motivados para dejar de fumar.
Principales métodos:
- Se empleó un diseño de estudio comparativo.
- Se evaluó a los participantes que buscaban dejar de fumar.
- Las tasas de éxito para dejar de fumar se midieron tanto para los grupos de abandono gradual como abrupto.
Principales resultados:
- La reducción gradual del tabaquismo no demostró tasas de abandono significativamente peores.
- La diferencia en las tasas de éxito entre el cese gradual y el abrupto no fue clínicamente significativa.
- Ambos enfoques mostraron potencial para el abandono exitoso del tabaquismo.
Conclusiones:
- El abandono gradual del tabaquismo parece ser una alternativa viable al abandono abrupto.
- Los fumadores pueden considerar la reducción gradual como una estrategia efectiva para dejar de fumar.
- Otras investigaciones pueden explorar las preferencias de los pacientes y la adherencia a diferentes métodos de cesación.
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