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El tinnitus es un acúfeno
David Baguley1, Don McFerran, Deborah Hall
1Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK; Anglia Ruskin University, Cambridge, UK.
Lancet (London, England)
|July 6, 2013
Resumen
El tinnitus, un síntoma común pero debilitante, carece de tratamientos efectivos con medicamentos. La gestión actual se centra en los audífonos, la terapia de sonido y el asesoramiento, con la terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) que muestra promesa.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La otorrinolaringología otorrinolaringología.
- Neurología Neurología.
- La psiquiatría es la psiquiatría.
Sus antecedentes:
- El tinnitus es un síntoma prevalente y a menudo debilitante.
- Los factores de riesgo identificados incluyen pérdida auditiva, medicamentos ototóxicos, lesiones en la cabeza y depresión.
- El diagnóstico diferencial debe considerar la enfermedad otológica, la ansiedad y la depresión.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Revisar la comprensión actual del tinnitus, sus factores de riesgo y los tratamientos disponibles.
- Para resaltar las limitaciones en las opciones terapéuticas actuales y las direcciones de investigación.
Principales métodos:
- Revisión de la literatura sobre los mecanismos del tinnitus, los factores de riesgo y las modalidades de tratamiento.
- Análisis de la base de evidencia para las intervenciones existentes.
Principales resultados:
- Actualmente no se dispone de tratamientos farmacológicos universalmente efectivos para el tinnitus.
- Los audífonos para la pérdida auditiva, la terapia de sonido y el asesoramiento son tratamientos establecidos.
- La terapia cognitivo-conductual (TCC) muestra potencial, pero tiene una disponibilidad limitada, especialmente la TCC específica para el tinnitus en el Reino Unido.
Conclusiones:
- La evidencia más sólida apoya una combinación de terapia de sonido y asesoramiento basado en TCC.
- Los ensayos clínicos se enfrentan a desafíos debido a la naturaleza diversa de los pacientes con tinnitus.
- Se necesita más investigación para desarrollar tratamientos efectivos para el tinnitus.
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