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Un catalizador basado en cobalto para la hidrogenación de CO2 en condiciones ambientales
Matthew S Jeletic1, Michael T Mock, Aaron M Appel
1Fundamental and Computational Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington, USA.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|July 23, 2013
Resumen
Los investigadores desarrollaron un nuevo catalizador de cobalto para convertir el dióxido de carbono (CO2) en combustible formato. Este catalizador funciona eficientemente a temperatura ambiente y baja presión, ofreciendo una alternativa sostenible a los catalizadores de metales preciosos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La catálisis es la catálisis.
- Química verde es la química verde.
- Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
Sus antecedentes:
- El aumento de los niveles de CO2 atmosférico requiere tecnologías eficientes de conversión de carbono.
- Los catalizadores de conversión de CO2 actuales a menudo se basan en metales preciosos caros y requieren condiciones adversas (alta temperatura / presión).
- Los catalizadores moleculares son prometedores, pero se enfrentan a limitaciones en cuanto a eficiencia y costo.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Diseñar y sintetizar un catalizador molecular rentable y eficiente para la conversión de CO2.
- Para utilizar las propiedades termodinámicas fundamentales para el diseño racional de catalizadores.
- Para producir formato a partir de CO2 y H2 utilizando un nuevo sistema de catalizador.
Principales métodos:
- Diseño de un sistema catalizador basado en cobalto guiado por los principios de hidricidad (ΔGH(-)) y acidez (pKa).
- Síntesis del complejo de cobalto Co ((dmpe) 2H, donde dmpe es 1,2-bis ((dimetilfosfino) etano.
- Prueba de la actividad catalítica para la hidrogenación de CO2 bajo diferentes presiones y temperatura ambiente.
Principales resultados:
- El catalizador de cobalto Co ((dmpe) 2H demostró una alta eficiencia en la catalización de la hidrogenación de CO2 para formar.
- Se logró una frecuencia de rotación de 3400 h-1 a temperatura ambiente y 1 atm (1:1 CO2: H2).
- Se observó una frecuencia de rotación significativamente mayor de 74.000 h-1 a 20 atm.
Conclusiones:
- Las propiedades termodinámicas fundamentales son valiosas para diseñar catalizadores eficientes y selectivos.
- El catalizador de cobalto desarrollado ofrece una alternativa prometedora y rentable para la conversión de CO2.
- Esta investigación avanza en el campo de la catálisis para la producción sostenible de combustible a partir de CO2.
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