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Los impactos del cambio climático en la seguridad alimentaria mundial.

Tim Wheeler1, Joachim von Braun

  • 1Walker Institute for Climate System Research, Department of Agriculture, University of Reading, Reading, UK. t.r.wheeler@reading.ac.uk

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 3, 2013
PubMed
Resumen

El cambio climático amenaza la seguridad alimentaria mundial al afectar el rendimiento de los cultivos y la estabilidad del sistema alimentario. Invertir en sistemas alimentarios climáticamente inteligentes es crucial para los esfuerzos de adaptación y mitigación para garantizar la disponibilidad futura de alimentos.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencias Agrícolas Ciencias Agrícolas
  • Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
  • Estudios de seguridad alimentaria Estudios de seguridad alimentaria.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El cambio climático representa una amenaza significativa para la seguridad alimentaria mundial.
  • El progreso hacia un mundo libre de hambre puede verse comprometido por estos impactos climáticos.
  • Los sistemas alimentarios existentes se enfrentan a riesgos debido a la variabilidad de la oferta inducida por el clima.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para analizar los patrones globales perceptibles de los impactos del cambio climático en la productividad de los cultivos.
  • Evaluar las posibles consecuencias para la disponibilidad de alimentos y la estabilidad del sistema alimentario.
  • Para resaltar la necesidad de estrategias de adaptación y mitigación en los sistemas alimentarios.

Principales métodos:

  • Análisis de los patrones globales de los efectos del cambio climático en la productividad de los cultivos.
  • Evaluación de la variabilidad climática y los impactos del cambio climático en la inseguridad alimentaria regional.
  • Evaluación de los efectos indirectos sobre el acceso a los alimentos, su utilización, los ingresos y la salud.

Principales resultados:

  • Existe un claro patrón global que muestra los impactos del cambio climático en la productividad de los cultivos, afectando la disponibilidad de alimentos.
  • Es probable que la variabilidad y el cambio climático empeoren la inseguridad alimentaria en las regiones vulnerables.
  • El acceso y la utilización de los alimentos pueden verse afectados indirectamente a través de impactos económicos y de salud.

Conclusiones:

  • El cambio climático plantea un riesgo sustancial para la seguridad alimentaria mundial y el progreso en la reducción del hambre.
  • Se necesitan inversiones urgentes y significativas para las acciones de adaptación y mitigación.
  • El desarrollo de un "sistema alimentario inteligente para el clima" es esencial para desarrollar la resiliencia contra las influencias del cambio climático en la seguridad alimentaria.