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Mejora del intercambio estacional de CO2 por los ecosistemas del norte desde 1960
H D Graven1, R F Keeling, S C Piper
1Scripps Institution of Oceanography, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA. hgraven@ucsd.edu
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 10, 2013
Resumen
Las variaciones estacionales del dióxido de carbono atmosférico (CO2) en el hemisferio norte muestran un aumento significativo, particularmente en las regiones árticas. Esto sugiere grandes cambios ecológicos en los bosques del norte que afectan el ciclo global del carbono.
Área de la Ciencia:
- * Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente.
- * Química de la atmósfera
- * Ecología * Ecología.
Sus antecedentes:
- * Las variaciones estacionales en el dióxido de carbono atmosférico (CO2) en el hemisferio norte se han amplificado desde la década de 1950.
- * Los datos observacionales limitados han impedido una comprensión completa de los cambios a largo plazo y sus impulsores.
- * Estudios previos indican un aumento de la estacionalidad del CO2, pero los patrones y magnitudes regionales siguen sin estar claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- * Para evaluar los cambios a largo plazo en las variaciones estacionales de CO2 atmosférico sobre el Pacífico Norte y los océanos Árticos.
- * Para investigar los mecanismos subyacentes que impulsan los patrones de CO2 observados.
- * Para comparar las observaciones recientes de aviones con los datos históricos de 1958-1961.
Principales métodos:
- * Análisis de recientes observaciones de CO2 atmosférico basadas en aviones.
- * Comparación con los datos históricos de CO2 de 1958-1961.
- * Examen de la amplitud estacional de CO2 a altitudes de 3-6 km en diferentes bandas de latitud (10°-45°N y 45°-90°N).
Principales resultados:
- * Se observó un aumento del 50% en la amplitud estacional del CO2 atmosférico a 3-6 km de altitud para 45°-90°N.
- * Se encontró un aumento de menos del 25% en la amplitud estacional de CO2 para 10°-45°N.
- * Se implica un aumento del 30-60% en el intercambio estacional de CO2 por los ecosistemas terrestres extratropicos del norte, especialmente los bosques boreales.
Conclusiones:
- * Los aumentos observados de CO2 sugieren cambios ecológicos significativos en los bosques del norte.
- * Los hallazgos indican un cambio sustancial en el ciclo global del carbono, que supera las simulaciones actuales de modelos de ecosistemas terrestres.
- * El aumento de la estacionalidad del CO2 apunta a una interacción más dinámica entre los ecosistemas terrestres y la atmósfera.
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