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Incisión en la meseta andina oriental durante el enfriamiento del Plioceno
Richard O Lease1, Todd A Ehlers
1Department of Geosciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany. rlease@usgs.gov
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|August 17, 2013
Resumen
La incisión del cañón en los Andes fue impulsada por los cambios climáticos, no solo por la elevación tectónica. El enfriamiento de las temperaturas globales aumentó el transporte de humedad, lo que provocó la formación de cañones del Plioceno a través de la meseta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra Ciencias de la Tierra
- Geología Geología Geología.
- Climatología y climatología.
Sus antecedentes:
- La incisión del cañón a menudo está relacionada con la elevación de la superficie tectónica.
- Sin embargo, los cambios climáticos también pueden impulsar la formación de cañones.
- La meseta andina oriental presenta profundos cañones que cruzan las principales zonas de deformación.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar los impulsores de la incisión del cañón a lo largo de la margen oriental de la meseta andina.
- Para diferenciar entre las influencias tectónicas y climáticas en el desarrollo del cañón.
- Establecer una línea de tiempo para los eventos geológicos y climáticos en la región.
Principales métodos:
- Termocronología utilizada (U-Th) /He para datar eventos geológicos.
- Analizó la relación espacial y temporal entre las fallas y la incisión del cañón.
- Los hallazgos geológicos correlacionados con datos paleoclimáticos, específicamente las temperaturas de la superficie del mar.
Principales resultados:
- Documentó un cambio de la falla del Mioceno a la incisión del cañón del Plioceno en el margen de la meseta noreste.
- Se observó una amplia incisión en el cañón del Plioceno que coincide con un cambio climático global de calentamiento a enfriamiento.
- Identificó un mayor transporte de humedad a la meseta durante el enfriamiento del Plioceno tardío.
Conclusiones:
- Los cambios climáticos, específicamente el enfriamiento del Plioceno tardío, fueron los principales impulsores de la incisión del cañón.
- Las fluctuaciones de la temperatura de la superficie del mar influyeron en el transporte de humedad, acelerando el desarrollo del cañón.
- La actividad tectónica jugó un papel menor en la incisión del cañón del Plioceno en comparación con el clima.
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