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Los genes similares a los receptores de glutamato median la señalización de heridas de hoja a hoja
Seyed A R Mousavi1, Adeline Chauvin, François Pascaud
1Department of Plant Molecular Biology, University of Lausanne, Biophore, CH-1015 Lausanne, Switzerland.
Nature
|August 24, 2013
Resumen
Las hojas de plantas heridas señalan el daño utilizando señales eléctricas, que desencadenan respuestas de defensa. Los genes específicos similares a los receptores de glutamato (GLR) son cruciales para esta comunicación de heridas a larga distancia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología Vegetal Biología Vegetal
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- La biofísica es la biofísica.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las hojas heridas transmiten señales de daño a las partes no dañadas a través de la señalización de larga distancia.
- Esta vía de señalización implica la producción de jasmonatos, reguladores clave de los mecanismos de defensa de las plantas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos biofísicos subyacentes a la señalización de heridas a larga distancia en las plantas.
- Para identificar los componentes genéticos involucrados en la transmisión de señales de herida y las posteriores respuestas de defensa.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron electrodos no invasivos para mapear los cambios potenciales de superficie en Arabidopsis thaliana después de la herida de la hoja.
- Se midió la acumulación de jasmonoyl-isoleucina y se analizaron los cambios en el transcriptoma en respuesta a la inyección actual.
- Se examinaron 34 líneas mutantes de proteínas de membrana, centrándose en los genes similares a los receptores de glutamato (GLR).
Principales resultados:
- Las despolarizaciones de la membrana inducidas por heridas en hojas no dañadas se correlacionan con los dominios de señalización del jasmonato.
- La inyección actual estimuló la acumulación de jasmonoil-isoleucina y alteró la expresión génica relacionada con la señalización del jasmonato.
- Las mutaciones en los genes GLR3.2, GLR3.3 y GLR3.6 redujeron los cambios potenciales de superficie inducidos por la herida, y los mutantes glr3.3 y glr3.6 mostraron una disminución de la expresión génica de respuesta al jasmonato en las hojas distales.
Conclusiones:
- Este estudio proporciona una base genética para comprender la señalización de heridas a larga distancia de las plantas.
- Identificó genes similares a los receptores de glutamato de las plantas como actores críticos en la comunicación de heridas de órgano a órgano, análogos a los genes de actividad sináptica animal.
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