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La microbiota intestinal de gemelos discordantes para la obesidad modula el metabolismo en ratones
Vanessa K Ridaura1, Jeremiah J Faith, Federico E Rey
1Center for Genome Sciences and Systems Biology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63108, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|September 7, 2013
Resumen
Los microbios intestinales tienen un impacto significativo en la composición corporal. El trasplante de microbiota de gemelos obesos a ratones aumentó su grasa corporal, pero la cohabitación con microbiota magra evitó la obesidad, mostrando efectos microbianos modificables por la dieta.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Microbiología Microbiología.
- Salud Metabólica La salud metabólica es la salud metabólica.
- Investigación de la obesidad.
Sus antecedentes:
- La influencia del microbioma intestinal en la composición corporal del huésped no se entiende completamente.
- La obesidad es una condición metabólica compleja influenciada por factores genéticos y ambientales.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la transmisibilidad de los fenotipos asociados a la obesidad a través de la microbiota intestinal.
- Para determinar el impacto de la dieta en las interacciones de la dieta por la microbiota en la configuración de la composición corporal.
Principales métodos:
- Trasplante de microbiota fecal de pares de gemelos obesos y delgados en ratones libres de gérmenes.
- Los ratones fueron alimentados con dietas que variaban en contenido de grasa, frutas y verduras.
- Se llevaron a cabo experimentos de cohousing para evaluar las interacciones microbianas.
Principales resultados:
- El trasplante de microbiota de gemelos obesos condujo a un aumento de la masa corporal y grasa en los ratones receptores.
- La cohabitación con microbiota de gemelos magros evitó el desarrollo de la obesidad en ratones receptores.
- La transferencia microbiana y la prevención de la obesidad dependieron de la dieta, con la participación de especies de Bacteroidetes.
Conclusiones:
- La composición de la microbiota intestinal juega un papel transmisible en la determinación de la composición corporal del huésped.
- La dieta modula significativamente los efectos de la microbiota intestinal en la salud metabólica.
- Las interacciones entre la dieta y los microbios intestinales ofrecen objetivos potenciales para las intervenciones contra la obesidad.
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