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2000 años de sociedades paralelas en la Edad de Piedra Europa Central
Ruth Bollongino1, Olaf Nehlich, Michael P Richards
1Palaeogenetics Group, Institute of Anthropology, Johannes Gutenberg University, 55099 Mainz, Germany.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|October 12, 2013
Resumen
Los forrajeros mesolíticos persistieron en Europa Central durante más de 2000 años después de la llegada de la agricultura, manteniendo un estilo de vida de forrajeo. Los análisis genéticos e isotópicos revelan su continua presencia junto a las sociedades agrícolas.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Arqueogenética La arqueogenética.
- El análisis paleodietario.
- La prehistoria europea fue la prehistoria europea.
Sus antecedentes:
- Se debate la ascendencia de las poblaciones europeas, centrándose en las interacciones entre los cazadores-recolectores del Mesolítico y los agricultores del Neolítico.
- Se asume comúnmente que los forrajeros del Mesolítico desaparecieron poco después de la introducción de la agricultura.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar la relación entre los recolectores del Mesolítico y los agricultores del Neolítico en Europa Central.
- Para determinar la duración de la persistencia del estilo de vida mesolítico después de la llegada de la agricultura.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis del ADN mitocondrial (mtDNA) de restos humanos mesolíticos y neolíticos del sitio de Blätterhöhle.
- Análisis isotópico de restos humanos para reconstruir patrones dietéticos.
Principales resultados:
- Las muestras mesolíticas exhibieron ADNmt típico de los recolectores europeos.
- Las muestras neolíticas contenían tanto linajes asociados a agricultores como mtDNA mesolítico de cazadores-recolectores.
- El análisis de isótopos reveló dos grupos dietéticos distintos dentro de la muestra neolítica: los agricultores y los que consumen alimentos forrajeados y peces de agua dulce.
Conclusiones:
- Los descendientes de las personas del Mesolítico mantuvieron un estilo de vida de forrajeo en Europa Central durante más de 2000 años después de la agricultura.
- Esto desafía la noción de un rápido reemplazo de la población mesolítica por agricultores neolíticos.
- La evidencia sugiere una coexistencia más compleja y la persistencia cultural de los grupos mesolíticos.
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