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Una galaxia que forma estrellas rápidamente 700 millones de años después del Big Bang a un desplazamiento al rojo de
S L Finkelstein1, C Papovich, M Dickinson
1The University of Texas at Austin, 2515 Speedway, Stop C1400, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Nature
|October 25, 2013
Resumen
Los astrónomos estudiaron galaxias con un alto desplazamiento al rojo (z > 6,5). Se detectó una sola galaxia con desplazamiento al rojo z = 7.51, que muestra un rápido enriquecimiento y una alta tasa de formación estelar, lo que sugiere una formación estelar temprana más intensa de lo esperado.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Evolución cósmica de la evolución cósmica.
- Formación y evolución de las galaxias.
- El Universo Temprano Astrofísica Astrofísica
Sus antecedentes:
- La confirmación espectroscópica de galaxias con desplazamiento al rojo (z) > 7 es un reto debido a la detección de emisión de Lyman α.
- Estudios previos sugieren un rápido aumento en la fracción neutral del medio intergaláctico a z > 6,5, lo que dificulta la detección de Lyman α.
- El tamaño limitado de la muestra y la profundidad de observación en la investigación previa hicieron que las conclusiones fueran tentativas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para llevar a cabo un estudio espectroscópico profundo en el infrarrojo cercano de galaxias de alto desplazamiento al rojo (z > 6,5).
- Para investigar la detectabilidad de la emisión de Lyman α en el universo temprano.
- Para caracterizar las propiedades de las primeras galaxias, incluyendo su contenido de metales y las tasas de formación de estrellas.
Principales métodos:
- Realizó un estudio espectroscópico profundo en el infrarrojo cercano de 43 galaxias seleccionadas fotométricamente con z > 6.5.5.
- Se analizaron las líneas de emisión para confirmar los desplazamientos al rojo e identificar la emisión de Lyman α.
- Calculó los colores de las galaxias, el contenido de metales y las tasas de formación estelar.
Principales resultados:
- Se ha detectado una sola galaxia con una línea de emisión de Lyman α con desplazamiento al rojo z = 7,51 (700 millones de años después del Big Bang).
- La galaxia exhibe colores consistentes con un enriquecimiento significativo de metales, lo que indica una rápida evolución de la galaxia.
- Calculó una alta tasa de formación estelar de aproximadamente 330 masas solares por año, más de 100 veces la de la Vía Láctea.
Conclusiones:
- Confirma que la emisión de Lyman α es difícil de detectar en el universo temprano, probablemente debido a las propiedades del medio intergaláctico.
- Sugiere que las galaxias sufren un rápido enriquecimiento químico en el universo temprano.
- Indica que el universo primitivo puede contener regiones de formación estelar más intensas de lo que se anticipó anteriormente.
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