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El líquido estabilizador cae en formas de no equilibrio por el atascamiento interfacial de las nanopartículas

Mengmeng Cui¹, Todd Emrick, Thomas P Russell

¹Polymer Science and Engineering Department, University of Massachusetts, 120 Governors Drive, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 26, 2013

Resumen

Los investigadores crearon surfactantes autoensambladores de nanopartículas que forman matrices similares a líquidos en las interfaces de los fluidos. Estos tensioactivos de nanopartículas se pueden atascar para estabilizar formas líquidas, lo que permite nuevas aplicaciones en la entrega y el almacenamiento.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
Ciencia de la coloide Ciencia de las coloides.
Física de la materia blanda Física de la materia blanda

Sus antecedentes:

Las nanopartículas pueden ensamblarse en las interfaces de fluidos, formando matrices desordenadas, similares a líquidos.
Las fuerzas débiles de adsorción típicamente limitan la estabilidad de las nanopartículas en las interfaces.
La generación in situ de surfactantes de nanopartículas puede superar estas limitaciones.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar la formación y estabilización de los tensioactivos de nanopartículas en las interfaces de fluidos.
Explorar el uso de campos externos para controlar la forma y la estabilidad de líquidos estabilizados con nanopartículas.
Desarrollar métodos para crear sistemas líquidos robustos y que mantengan su forma.

Principales métodos:

Generar surfactantes de nanopartículas in situ utilizando nanopartículas en agua y polímeros en aceite.
Deformando dominios líquidos con campos externos para alterar el área de interfaz.
Observando la difusión y el ensamblaje de nanopartículas en la interfaz.
Utilizando ligandos difuncionales para enlazar conjuntos de nanopartículas para mejorar la estabilidad.

Principales resultados:

Los tensioactivos de nanopartículas se generaron con éxito in situ, formando matrices similares a líquidos en la interfaz.
La deformación inducida por el campo externo condujo a un aumento de la adsorción de nanopartículas y al posterior atascamiento tras la liberación del campo.
El atascamiento detuvo un mayor cambio de forma al tiempo que mantenía la naturaleza desordenada y líquida del conjunto.
El enlace cruzado con ligandos disfuncionales proporcionó una mayor estabilización de los ensamblajes de nanopartículas.

Conclusiones:

Este trabajo demuestra un método novedoso para generar y estabilizar dominios líquidos con formas prescritas utilizando surfactantes de nanopartículas.
El mecanismo de bloqueo permite un control de forma reversible y repetible.
La técnica desarrollada ofrece potencial para aplicaciones avanzadas en sistemas de líquidos reactivos, envasado, entrega y almacenamiento.

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