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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview01:13

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Overview

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Recently, the development of olefin metathesis polymerization advanced the field of polymer synthesis. Simply put, the reorganization of substituents on their double bonds between two olefins in the presence of a catalyst is known as the olefin metathesis reaction. The use of metathesis reaction for polymer synthesis is called olefin metathesis polymerization.
Ruthenium-based Grubbs catalyst is the most commonly used catalyst for olefin metathesis polymerization. Grubbs catalyst consists of a...
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Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)01:16

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization (ROMP)

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Ring-opening metathesis polymerization or ROMP involves strained cycloalkenes as starting materials. The mechanism of ROMP proceeds by reacting cycloalkene with Grubbs catalyst to give metallacyclobutane intermediate which undergoes a ring-opening reaction to form new carbene. The new carbene reacts with another molecule of cycloalkene. Repetition of these steps leads to the formation of an unsaturated open-chain polymer product. All these steps are reversible, however, relieving the ring...
2.3K
Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)00:53

Olefin Metathesis Polymerization: Acyclic Diene Metathesis (ADMET)

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Acyclic diene metathesis polymerization or ADMET polymerization involves cross-metathesis of terminal dienes, such as 1,8-nonadiene, to give linear unsaturated polymer and ethylene. As ADMET is a reversible process, the formed ethylene gas must be removed from the reaction mixture to complete the polymerization process.
Similar to cross-metathesis, ADMET also involves the formation of metallacyclobutane intermediate by [2+2] cycloaddition of one of the double bonds of a terminal diene with...
1.4K
Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes02:35

Free-Radical Chain Reaction and Polymerization of Alkenes

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The conversion of alkenes to macromolecules called polymers is a reaction of high commercial importance. The structure of the polymer is defined by a repeating unit, while the terminal groups are considered insignificant. The average degree of polymerization represents the number of repeating units in the polymer molecule and is denoted by the subscript n.
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Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

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The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the...
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Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism01:09

Radical Chain-Growth Polymerization: Mechanism

3.0K
The radical chain-growth polymerization mechanism consists of three steps: initiation, propagation, and termination of polymerization. The polymerization initiates when a free radical generated from the radical initiator adds to the unsaturated bond in the monomer. The unpaired electron of the free radical and one π electron in the unsaturated bond creates a σ bond between the free radical and the monomer. As a result, the other π electron in the unsaturated bond converts this...
3.0K

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Depolymerizable Olefinic Polymers Based on Fused-Ring Cyclooctene Monomers
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La polimerización de la metatesis de las olefinas por medio de la fotolitografía.

Raymond A Weitekamp1, Harry A Atwater, Robert H Grubbs

  • 1Arnold and Mabel Beckman Laboratories for Chemical Synthesis, Division of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, California Institute of Technology , Pasadena, California 91125, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|November 1, 2013
PubMed
Resumen

Los científicos desarrollaron un nuevo fotorresistente de tono negativo para el patroneado de materiales funcionales. Este avance utiliza un catalizador fotoactivado para la metátesis de olefinas, ampliando las posibilidades de materiales en micro y nanofabricación.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Ciencia de los materiales Ciencia de los materiales.
  • Nanotecnología La nanotecnología es la nanotecnología.
  • Ingeniería Química Ingeniería Química.

Sus antecedentes:

  • La fotolitografía es crucial para la fabricación de micro y nanoestructuras, pero está limitada por la química fotorresistente.
  • Los métodos actuales restringen la variedad de materiales funcionales que pueden ser modelados.
  • El desarrollo de nuevas fotorresistencias es esencial para avanzar en el patroneado de materiales.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Introducir un nuevo fotorresistente de tono negativo para el patroneado de materiales avanzados.
  • Para demostrar un nuevo enfoque utilizando la catálisis fotoactivada en la fotolitografía.
  • Para ampliar la gama de materiales susceptibles al fotomoldeo.

Principales métodos:

  • Una síntesis de una sola olla de un nuevo fotorresistente de tono negativo de materiales comerciales.
  • Incorporación de un catalizador complejo de éter vinílico de rutenio fotoactivado.
  • Utilizando la metátesis de olefinas mediada por rutenio para el patrón del material.

Principales resultados:

  • La fotorresistencia desarrollada permite el patroneado de materiales funcionales con alta fidelidad.
  • El sistema se basa en un catalizador de rutenio previamente considerado inactivo, activado por la luz.
  • Se ha demostrado la tolerancia del grupo funcional característica de la metátesis de olefinas mediada por rutenio.

Conclusiones:

  • Esta fotorresistencia ofrece una nueva ruta para la fabricación de micro y nanoestructuras.
  • El catalizador fotoactivado expande el alcance de las capacidades de fotopatronización.
  • Abre nuevas vías para crear materiales funcionales complejos con patrones precisos.