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El entorno de radiación de la superficie de Marte medido con el rover Curiosity del Laboratorio de Ciencias de Marte
Donald M Hassler1, Cary Zeitlin, Robert F Wimmer-Schweingruber
1Southwest Research Institute, Boulder, CO 80302, USA.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|December 11, 2013
Resumen
El rover Curiosity hacia Marte.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ciencias Espaciales Ciencias Espaciales.
- Ciencias planetarias Ciencias planetarias.
- Física de las radiaciones Física de la radiación
Sus antecedentes:
- Los rayos cósmicos galácticos y las partículas energéticas solares representan importantes peligros de radiación en la superficie marciana.
- La comprensión del entorno de radiación es crucial para evaluar los riesgos para las misiones humanas y la preservación de las posibles firmas biológicas.
- Los datos anteriores sobre la radiación de la superficie de Marte han sido limitados, especialmente durante el máximo solar.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para medir y analizar la dosis absorbida y dosis equivalente de los rayos cósmicos galácticos y las partículas energéticas solares en Marte.
- Proporcionar datos críticos para el modelado del entorno de radiación subterránea.
- Evaluar los riesgos de radiación para la futura exploración humana de Marte y las implicaciones para la astrobiología.
Principales métodos:
- Utilizando el Detector de Evaluación de Radiación (RAD) en el rover Curiosity del Laboratorio de Ciencias de Marte.
- Recopilación de medidas detalladas del entorno de radiación en la superficie marciana.
- Analizando aproximadamente 300 días de datos de observación durante el máximo solar actual.
Principales resultados:
- Se obtuvieron mediciones detalladas de la dosis absorbida y la dosis equivalente de los rayos cósmicos y las partículas energéticas solares.
- Los datos proporcionan una comprensión completa de las condiciones de radiación en la superficie marciana.
- Los hallazgos establecen una línea de base para el modelado de la radiación subterránea.
Conclusiones:
- Los niveles de radiación medidos ofrecen información crucial sobre los peligros para las misiones humanas a Marte.
- Estos datos son vitales para los estudios astrobiológicos, informando los tiempos de supervivencia microbiana y la preservación de las biosignaturas orgánicas.
- Los hallazgos contribuyen a una imagen más completa del entorno de radiación marciano.
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