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Evidencia de la existencia de complejos enzimáticos elaborados en la era paleoarqueana
Bernd Reisinger1, Josef Sperl, Alexandra Holinski
1Institute of Biophysics and Physical Biochemistry, University of Regensburg , Universitätsstraße 31, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany.
Journal of the American Chemical Society
|December 25, 2013
Resumen
Los investigadores reconstruyeron la subunidad ciclasa (HisF) del último ancestro común universal (LUCA). Esta antigua enzima exhibe una alta estabilidad y actividad catalítica, lo que sugiere que las funciones enzimáticas complejas existían hace miles de millones de años.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
- Biología Estructural Biología estructural.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los fósiles macromoleculares están ausentes, lo que limita el conocimiento de las enzimas de las especies extintas.
- El complejo de la imidazol glicerol fosfato sintasa (ImGP-S) es crucial en las vías metabólicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para caracterizar la subunidad ciclasa (HisF) de ImGP-S reconstruido a partir del último ancestro común universal (LUCA).
- Comprender las propiedades estructurales y funcionales de las enzimas antiguas y sus orígenes evolutivos.
Principales métodos:
- Determinación de la estructura cristalina de LUCA-HisF.
- Pruebas bioquímicas para evaluar la actividad catalítica y la termostabilidad.
- Estudios de formación compleja con subunidades HisH existentes y reconstruidas.
Principales resultados:
- LUCA-HisF posee el antiguo pliegue (βα) de 8 barriles, similar a las proteínas HisF existentes.
- La enzima es termostable, exhibe una alta actividad catalítica y forma complejos funcionales con HisH.
- LUCA-HisF se une fuertemente a una proteína LUCA-HisH reconstruida.
Conclusiones:
- Enzimas y complejos altamente eficientes, incluida la canalización de sustratos y la comunicación alostérica, existieron en la era LUCA (hace 3.500 millones de años).
- La evolución de las enzimas puede haber alcanzado una etapa sofisticada mucho antes de lo que se pensaba.
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