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La abscisión apical altera la polaridad celular y desmonta el cilium primario durante la neurogénesis
1Neural Development Group, Division of Cell and Developmental Biology, College of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 5EH, UK.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 11, 2014
Resumen
La absisión celular, un nuevo proceso de subdivisión celular, media el desprendimiento de la neurona durante el desarrollo embrionario. Este mecanismo implica abscisión de la membrana apical, pérdida de la polaridad celular e impactos en la expresión génica.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología celular Biología celular.
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- La retirada celular de los tejidos proliferativos es esencial para el desarrollo y la homeostasis.
- Los mecanismos que controlan el desprendimiento y la diferenciación celular siguen siendo poco conocidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos celulares subyacentes al desprendimiento de las neuronas del tubo neural.
- Para dilucidar el proceso de subdivisión celular y su papel en la diferenciación celular.
Principales métodos:
- Imágenes de alta resolución de células vivas en tubos neurales de pollitos y ratones.
- Análisis de la contracción de actina-miosina, la polaridad celular y la expresión génica.
- Investigó el papel de la N-cadherina y Neurog2 en el proceso.
Principales resultados:
- Descubrió un nuevo mecanismo de subdivisión celular llamado abscisión apical, responsable del desprendimiento de la neurona.
- La abscisión apical implica la contracción de la actina-miosina, la pérdida de la polaridad apical y el desmantelamiento del cilium primario.
- Los niveles de N-cadherina, regulados por Neurog2, controlan el desmontaje y la abscisión del cilio.
Conclusiones:
- La abscisión apical es un mecanismo conservado crítico para el desprendimiento de la neurona y la salida del ciclo celular durante el desarrollo.
- Este proceso afecta a la función de los cilios primarios y está regulado por factores moleculares específicos.
- Los hallazgos pueden tener implicaciones para comprender las transiciones celulares en otros tejidos epiteliales y en el cáncer.
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