Video Experimental Relacionado
Updated: May 4, 2026
12:09
Stimulating the Lip Motor Cortex with Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
Published on: June 14, 2014
20.4K
Las transformaciones sensorio-motoras para el habla ocurren bilateralmente.
Gregory B Cogan1, Thomas Thesen2, Chad Carlson3
1Center for Neural Science, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA.
Nature
|January 17, 2014
Resumen
El sistema motor-sensorial del habla, crucial para vincular la percepción auditiva y la producción motora, no está exclusivamente lateralizado a la izquierda. Las grabaciones neuronales directas revelan que estas transformaciones sensorio-motoras ocurren bilateralmente en el cerebro.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Procesamiento del habla Procesamiento del habla
- Percepción auditiva y producción motora.
Sus antecedentes:
- Históricamente, los modelos de procesamiento del habla enfatizaron un sistema sensorio-motor lateralizado a la izquierda para vincular la percepción auditiva y la salida motora.
- Se pensaba que este sistema era esencial para las funciones de lenguaje de orden superior, como la sintaxis y la semántica.
- Si bien se sabe que la percepción del habla es bilateral, la base neuronal de las transformaciones sensorio-motoras sigue siendo controvertida.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos neuronales que subyacen a las transformaciones sensorio-motoras en el procesamiento del habla.
- Para determinar si el sistema motor-sensorial del habla está lateralizado a la izquierda o bilateral.
Principales métodos:
- Se utilizaron grabaciones neuronales directas en sujetos que realizaban tareas de producción de habla abierta.
- Se analizaron las respuestas neuronales durante la percepción y la producción en tareas de repetición de palabras y de transformación de no palabras.
- Se examinaron los datos de los electrodos de las cortes frontales inferiores bilaterales, parietales, temporales, premotoras y somatosensoriales.
Principales resultados:
- Se observaron respuestas neuronales motor-sensoriales robustas bilateralmente a través de múltiples áreas corticales durante la percepción y producción del habla.
- Las respuestas motor-sensoriales bilaterales demostraron la capacidad de transformar representaciones basadas en la percepción del habla en representaciones basadas en la producción del habla.
- Estos hallazgos desafían la visión tradicional de un sistema motor-sensorial del habla estrictamente lateralizado a la izquierda.
Conclusiones:
- El estudio establece un sistema motor-sensorial del habla sublexial bilateral.
- Este sistema bilateral juega un papel crítico en la transformación de la entrada auditiva del habla en la salida del habla motora.
- Estos hallazgos tienen implicaciones significativas para la comprensión de las bases neuronales del procesamiento del habla y el lenguaje.
Más Videos Relacionados
Videos de Conceptos Relacionados
01:28Major Somatic Sensory Pathways
3.2K
Sensory impulses related to touch, pressure, vibration, and proprioception from various body parts, such as the limbs, trunk, neck, and posterior head, travel to the cerebral cortex through the posterior column-medial lemniscus pathway. The pathway’s name derives from the two white-matter tracts that convey the impulses: the spinal cord's posterior column and the brainstem's medial lemniscus. First-order sensory neurons extend their axons into the spinal cord, forming the...
3.2K
01:10Higher Mental Functions of the Brain: Language
6.0K
Language is a system of communication that allows the expression of thoughts, ideas, and feelings. The brain processes language in both hemispheres.
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
Language formation and comprehension take place in the dominant hemisphere. The dominant hemisphere is responsible for understanding the meaning of spoken, written, or sign language, as well as the ability to communicate. For most people, the left hemisphere is the dominant one. The right hemisphere, then, gives tone and emotional context to the...
6.0K
01:28Lateralization
1.3K
Brain lateralization refers to the division of mental processes and functions between the two hemispheres of the brain, a phenomenon that optimizes neural efficiency and underpins complex abilities in humans. This specialization allows each hemisphere to perform tasks where it has a comparative advantage, facilitating more refined cognitive capabilities across different domains.
1.3K
01:05Cerebral Hemispheres
3.8K
The human brain, a complex organ, is functionally divided into two cerebral hemispheres—left and right. These hemispheres are interconnected by a structure of paramount importance, the corpus callosum. This substantial bundle of neural fibers is not just a bridge between the hemispheres but a crucial element for the brain's comprehensive functioning. It enables efficient communication between the two hemispheres, allowing each side of the brain to control and receive sensory and motor...
3.8K
01:14Motor and Sensory Areas of the Cortex
8.1K
The cerebral cortex, the brain's outermost layer, is pivotal in processing complex cognitive tasks, emotions, and various sensory inputs and executing voluntary motor activities. This intricate structure is divided into three primary functional areas: the motor areas, sensory areas, and association areas.
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
Motor Areas
The motor areas located in the frontal lobe are central to controlling voluntary movements. This region is further subdivided into the primary motor cortex and the premotor cortex....
8.1K
01:33Somatosensation
36.9K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
36.9K