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El control neuronal del metabolismo a través de la modulación dependiente de nutrientes de la ramificación traqueal
Gerit A Linneweber1, Jake Jacobson1, Karl Emanuel Busch2
1Gut Signalling and Metabolism Group, MRC Clinical Sciences Centre, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.
Cell
|January 21, 2014
Resumen
Las señales de nutrientes regulan el sistema traqueal de Drosophila, impulsando cambios metabólicos al alterar la arquitectura vascular. Este estudio revela un nuevo mecanismo que vincula la nutrición, la actividad neuronal y el desarrollo de los vasos sanguíneos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- Fisiología Fisiología Fisiología.
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
Sus antecedentes:
- La angiogénesis adaptativa es crucial para el cáncer y la obesidad, pero sus señales reguladoras no se comprenden completamente.
- Por lo general, se cree que la remodelación vascular está impulsada por señales derivadas del tejido objetivo.
- La plasticidad de la vasculatura en respuesta a las necesidades metabólicas sigue siendo un área de investigación activa.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar una nueva plasticidad dependiente de nutrientes en el sistema traqueal de Drosophila.
- Aclarar el mecanismo por el cual las señales nutricionales influyen en el desarrollo vascular.
- Identificar el papel de la señalización neuronal en la mediación de la adaptación metabólica de la vasculatura.
Principales métodos:
- Caracterización de la respuesta del sistema traqueal de la Drosophila a diferentes niveles de nutrientes.
- Identificación de neuronas específicas que regulan la plasticidad traqueal.
- Análisis de la señalización de neuropéptidos (insulina y tipo VIP) en la remodelación vascular.
Principales resultados:
- El sistema traqueal de Drosophila exhibe una plasticidad dependiente de los nutrientes, particularmente en el intestino.
- Esta plasticidad vascular impulsa activamente el cambio metabólico, en lugar de responder pasivamente a él.
- Las neuronas sensibles a los nutrientes y al oxígeno controlan el crecimiento traqueal a través de la administración de neuropéptidos locales y sistémicos.
Conclusiones:
- Se describe un nuevo mecanismo de plasticidad vascular regulado por señales nutricionales y actividad neuronal.
- Este mecanismo permite cambios específicos de órganos y de larga duración en la arquitectura vascular en respuesta a las demandas metabólicas.
- Los hallazgos ofrecen nuevos conocimientos sobre la interacción entre el metabolismo, la neurobiología y el desarrollo vascular.
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