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La leche materna moldea el cableado neuronal para el metabolismo

Isin Cakir¹, Umut Ozcan¹

¹Division of Endocrinology, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

|February 4, 2014

Resumen

Las dietas maternas altas en grasas durante el programa de lactancia de la descendencia para la disfunción metabólica de por vida. Esta alteración de la señalización de la insulina interrumpe los circuitos neuronales que controlan el equilibrio de la energía y la glucosa.

Área de la Ciencia:

La investigación en el metabolismo.
La neuroendocrinología en neuroendocrinología.
Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.

Sus antecedentes:

La dieta materna durante las ventanas críticas de desarrollo puede afectar la salud de la descendencia.
La obesidad y el síndrome metabólico son preocupaciones significativas para la salud mundial.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los efectos a largo plazo de la alimentación materna alta en grasas durante la lactancia en la homeostasis metabólica de la descendencia.
Para dilucidar los mecanismos subyacentes, centrándose específicamente en la señalización de la insulina y el desarrollo de circuitos neuronales.

Principales métodos:

Se utilizaron modelos de ratones para estudiar los efectos de la dieta alta en grasas materna durante la lactancia.
Se evaluaron los parámetros metabólicos de la descendencia, incluida la homeostasis de energía y glucosa.
Se analizaron las vías de señalización de la insulina y la formación del circuito neuronal hipotalámico.

Principales resultados:

La dieta alta en grasas materna durante la lactancia resultó en un deterioro de la energía y la homeostasis de la glucosa en la descendencia durante toda la vida.
Se observó una señalización anormal de la insulina en la descendencia.
Esta señalización aberrante interfirió con el desarrollo de los circuitos neuronales hipotalámicos cruciales para la regulación metabólica.

Conclusiones:

La nutrición materna durante la lactancia juega un papel crítico en la programación de la salud metabólica de la descendencia.
La interrupción de la señalización de la insulina debido a la dieta alta en grasas materna puede conducir a déficits metabólicos duraderos al afectar el desarrollo del circuito neuronal.

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