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La eutrofización debilita los efectos estabilizadores de la diversidad en los pastizales naturales
Yann Hautier1, Eric W Seabloom2, Elizabeth T Borer2
11] Department of Ecology, Evolution, and Behavior, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA [2] Institute of Evolutionary Biology and Environmental Studies, University of Zurich, 8057 Zurich, Switzerland.
Nature
|February 18, 2014
Resumen
La diversidad de plantas estabiliza la productividad de las praderas a través de la asíncronia de las especies. Sin embargo, la fertilización debilita este efecto en los ecosistemas del mundo real, afectando los servicios ecosistémicos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Ecología Ecología Ecología.
- Ciencias del medio ambiente Ciencias del medio ambiente.
- Cambio Global Biología Biología.
Sus antecedentes:
- Estudios experimentales muestran que la diversidad vegetal estabiliza la productividad a través de la asíncronia de las especies.
- La relevancia para los ecosistemas naturales que enfrentan el cambio global antropogénico no está clara.
- La fertilización crónica es uno de los principales impulsores de la pérdida de especies.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para analizar las relaciones entre diversidad y estabilidad en 41 praderas globales.
- Examinar el impacto de la fertilización crónica en estas relaciones.
- Comprender cómo los impulsores del cambio global interactúan para afectar los servicios de los ecosistemas.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de las relaciones entre diversidad y estabilidad en 41 pastizales naturales en cinco continentes.
- Evaluación de los efectos de la fertilización crónica, un impulsor de la pérdida de especies.
- Investigación de la asíncronia de las especies y la variación de la productividad.
Principales resultados:
- Los pastizales no manipulados más diversos mostraron una mayor asíncronia de especies y una producción de biomasa más estable.
- La fertilización debilitó el efecto positivo de la diversidad en la estabilidad.
- Este debilitamiento se debió al aumento de la variación de la productividad y la disminución de la asíncrona en diversas comunidades fertilizadas, no a la pérdida de especies.
Conclusiones:
- Los hallazgos de los experimentos de biodiversidad sobre la estabilidad de la diversidad se generalizan a las praderas del mundo real.
- La fertilización interactúa con la diversidad para reducir la estabilidad de los pastizales.
- Comprender los efectos interactivos de los impulsores del cambio global es crucial para la prestación de servicios de los ecosistemas.
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