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Piezo2 se requiere para la mecanotransducción de las células de Merkel
Seung-Hyun Woo1, Sanjeev Ranade1, Andy D Weyer2
1Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Molecular and Cellular Neuroscience, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA.
Nature
|April 11, 2014
Resumen
Las células Merkel utilizan el canal Piezo2 para percibir el tacto suave. Este descubrimiento revela el Piezo2
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Mecanobiología Mecanobiología.
- Sensación somática de la sensación somática.
Sus antecedentes:
- El complejo célula-neurita de Merkel es crucial para la sensación de tacto suave, pero su mecanismo de transducción mecánica sigue siendo desconocido.
- Se debaten los roles de las células Merkel y las fibras nerviosas aferentes en la detección de la fuerza mecánica.
- Comprender la base molecular de la sensación táctil es un desafío fundamental en la neurociencia.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para dilucidar el mecanismo molecular de la mecanotransducción en las células de Merkel.
- Para determinar el papel de los canales Piezo2 en la sensación de tacto suave.
- Investigar la contribución funcional de las células Merkel al complejo neurita-célula Merkel.
Principales métodos:
- Electrofisiología in vitro para registrar corrientes sensibles al tacto en las células Merkel.
- Generación de ratones genéticamente modificados con deficiencia de Piezo2 específicamente en las células Merkel de la piel.
- Registros electrofisiológicos in vivo de las respuestas nerviosas sensoriales y ensayos conductuales para la sensibilidad al tacto.
Principales resultados:
- Las células Merkel exhiben corrientes sensibles al tacto dependientes de la expresión de Piezo2.
- Los ratones que carecen de Piezo2 en las células de Merkel muestran una disminución de las respuestas de adaptación lenta y un comportamiento de toque suave deteriorado.
- La evidencia apoya un modelo de dos sitios receptores que involucra tanto a las células Merkel como a las fibras aferentes.
Conclusiones:
- Piezo2 se identifica como el canal de mecanotransducción primario en las células Merkel para el tacto suave.
- Este estudio proporciona la primera evidencia de un papel fisiológico de los canales de Piezo en la mecanosensibilidad de los mamíferos.
- Un modelo de doble receptor destaca la función sensorial cooperativa de las células Merkel y las neuronas aferentes.
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