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Chambers of the Heart01:16

Chambers of the Heart

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The human heart is a complex organ made up of four chambers: the right and left atria and the right and left ventricles. These internal chambers are separated by partitions known as the interatrial and interventricular septa. The exterior of the heart features a groove known as the coronary sulcus that demarcates the atria from the ventricles, while the anterior and posterior interventricular sulci distinguish between the two ventricles.
Deoxygenated blood from the body is received in the right...
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Mitral Stenosis I: Introduction01:22

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Mitral Valve Stenosis (MVS) is a heart condition where the mitral valve narrows, impeding blood circulation from the left atrium to the left ventricle. The etiology and pathophysiology of this condition are multifaceted, leading to a cascade of cardiovascular complications.Causes of Mitral Valve StenosisRheumatic Heart Disease: It is the main cause of mitral valve stenosis, particularly in developing nations. This condition arises from rheumatic fever, an inflammatory illness resulting from...
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Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests01:23

Mitral Stenosis II: Clinical features and Diagnostic Tests

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Mitral stenosis is a heart condition in which the mitral valve, which allows blood to flow from the left atrium to the left ventricle, becomes narrowed or stenotic. This narrowing hinders blood flow and leads to clinical symptoms requiring specific medical evaluations and management strategies. The following overview outlines the clinical symptoms, assessments, diagnostic findings, prevention methods, and treatments for mitral stenosis.Clinical ManifestationsDyspnea (shortness of breath): This...
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Cardiovascular System Abnormal Findings II: Auscultation01:25

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Auscultation, an essential part of a heart examination, is done using a stethoscope. It provides crucial information about heart function and possible heart problems. Due to heart problems, abnormal sounds can be heard during systole or diastole. These sounds include S3 and S4 gallops, opening snaps, systolic clicks, and murmurs.
Abnormal Heart Sounds
Gallops:
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ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias01:25

ECG Interpretation of Arrhythmias II: Atrial, Junctional and Ventricular Arrhythmias

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Arrhythmia is a condition characterized by an irregular heart rhythm, with ECG changes that differ based on its origin and nature. The types of arrhythmias discussed below include atrial, junctional, and ventricular arrhythmias.Atrial ArrhythmiasPremature Atrial Complexes (PACs): PACs are early atrial beats caused by stress, caffeine, alcohol, electrolyte imbalances, hypoxia, hyperthyroidism, or certain medications (e.g., bronchodilators and decongestants). The ECG shows early P waves with an...
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Mitral Valve Prolapse I: Introduction01:27

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IntroductionThe mitral valve, one of the heart's four valves, regulates blood flow. These valves have flaps that open and close to direct blood properly through the heart and body. During each heartbeat, the flaps open for blood to pass through and seal shut to prevent backflow. Specifically, the mitral valve opens to allow blood flow from the heart's upper left chamber to the lower left chamber. It then closes securely as the lower left chamber contracts to pump blood to the body, preventing...
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Updated: May 1, 2026

Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure
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Echocardiographic Evaluation of Atrial Communications before Transcatheter Closure

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Defectos en el tabique auricular.

Tal Geva1, Jose D Martins2, Rachel M Wald3

  • 1Department of Cardiology, Boston Children's Hospital, and Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Lancet (London, England)
|April 15, 2014
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los defectos del tabique auricular, un problema cardíaco congénito común, a menudo no causan síntomas en los niños, pero pueden provocar complicaciones graves en los adultos. El cierre temprano, quirúrgico o transcatéter, asegura una esperanza de vida normal.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Cardiología Cardiología.
  • Enfermedad cardíaca congénita.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los defectos del tabique auricular (ASD) son la tercera malformación cardíaca congénita más frecuente.
  • Estos defectos implican aberturas anormales entre las aurículas, causando una derivación sanguínea entre las circulaciones sistémica y pulmonar.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para revisar las causas, anatomía, fisiopatología, tratamiento y resultados de los defectos del tabique auricular.
  • Para resaltar la importancia de la intervención oportuna para mejorar la esperanza de vida.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de la literatura existente sobre los defectos del tabique auricular.
  • Análisis de los resultados del tratamiento para los métodos de cierre quirúrgico y transcatéter.

Principales resultados:

  • La mayoría de los niños con TEA aislados son asintomáticos, pero los riesgos de intolerancia al ejercicio, arritmias e hipertensión pulmonar aumentan con la edad.
  • Los defectos no tratados, especialmente en mujeres y adultos mayores, aumentan el riesgo de una enfermedad vascular pulmonar potencialmente letal.
  • El cierre quirúrgico antes de los 25 años está relacionado con la esperanza de vida normal; el cierre transcatéter es una opción menos invasiva para pacientes selectos.

Conclusiones:

  • El diagnóstico temprano y el tratamiento de los defectos del tabique auricular son cruciales para prevenir complicaciones a largo plazo y garantizar una esperanza de vida normal.
  • Tanto los métodos quirúrgicos como los de cierre transcatéter son efectivos, y el cierre transcatéter ofrece una alternativa mínimamente invasiva.