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Un planeta del tamaño de la Tierra en la zona habitable de una estrella fría

Elisa V Quintana¹, Thomas Barclay, Sean N Raymond

¹SETI Institute, 189 Bernardo Avenue, Suite 100, Mountain View, CA 94043, USA.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|April 19, 2014

Resumen

Los astrónomos descubrieron Kepler-186f, un exoplaneta del tamaño de la Tierra. Este planeta reside en su estrella.

Área de la Ciencia:

Ciencia exoplanetaria Ciencia de los exoplanetas.
Astrobiología Astrobiología.
La astrofísica estelar es la astrofísica estelar.

Sus antecedentes:

La búsqueda de exoplanetas similares a la Tierra es un objetivo primordial en la investigación astronómica actual.
Los descubrimientos anteriores de planetas del tamaño de la Tierra se han limitado a órbitas demasiado cercanas a sus estrellas anfitrionas para el agua líquida.
El sistema Kepler-186 contiene cinco planetas aproximadamente del tamaño de la Tierra que orbitan una estrella enana roja.

Objetivo del estudio:

Para informar de la detección de Kepler-186f, un planeta del tamaño de la Tierra.
Para determinar si Kepler-186f se encuentra dentro de la zona habitable de su estrella.

Principales métodos:

La fotometría de tránsito se utilizó para detectar el planeta y determinar su tamaño.
Se analizaron la intensidad y el espectro de la radiación estelar para evaluar la zona habitable.
Las características orbitales se inferían a partir de los datos de tránsito.

Principales resultados:

Kepler-186f es detectado con un radio de 1.11 ± 0.14 radios de la Tierra.
Es el más externo de los cinco planetas del tamaño de la Tierra en el sistema Kepler-186.
Kepler-186f está situado dentro de la zona estelar habitable de su estrella anfitriona enana M.

Conclusiones:

Kepler-186f es el primer planeta validado del tamaño de la Tierra encontrado en la zona habitable de otra estrella.
La ubicación del planeta sugiere el potencial de agua líquida si está presente una atmósfera similar a la de la Tierra.
Este descubrimiento avanza en la búsqueda de exoplanetas potencialmente habitables.

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