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Videos de Conceptos Relacionados

Somatosensation01:33

Somatosensation

36.9K
The somatosensory system relays sensory information from the skin, mucous membranes, limbs, and joints. Somatosensation is more familiarly known as the sense of touch. A typical somatosensory pathway includes three types of long neurons: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primary neurons have cell bodies located near the spinal cord in groups of neurons called dorsal root ganglia. The sensory neurons of ganglia innervate designated areas of skin called dermatomes.
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Sensory Functions of the Skin01:16

Sensory Functions of the Skin

9.1K
The skin is the largest organ of the human body and plays a crucial role in our sensory perception. It contains a vast network of sensory receptors that contribute to the skin's protective function by perceiving physical, biological, and environmental cues and generating relevant responses.
There are two main categories of receptors on the skin: capsulated and non-capsulated. The non-capsulated ones are mainly the pain receptors. The capsulated ones can be further categorized based on the...
9.1K
Cells of the Epidermis01:24

Cells of the Epidermis

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The epidermis is made of four or five layers of epithelial cells, depending on its location in the body. From deep to superficial, these layers are the stratum basale, stratum spinosum, stratum granulosum, stratum lucidum, and stratum corneum.
The cells in all these layers except the stratum basale are called keratinocytes, a type of cell that manufactures and stores the protein keratin. The keratinocytes in the stratum corneum are dead and regularly slough away, being replaced by cells from...
7.2K
Introduction to Special Senses01:26

Introduction to Special Senses

6.7K
Sensory receptors play an integral part in comprehending our external and internal environments. They receive diverse stimuli, converting them into the nervous system's electrochemical signals. This conversion occurs as the stimulus alters the sensory neuron's cell membrane potential, instigating the generation of an action potential. This action potential is subsequently transmitted to the central nervous system (CNS), which integrates with other sensory data or higher cognitive...
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Unrenewable Cells00:50

Unrenewable Cells

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In humans, the photoreceptor cells of the eye and sensory hair cells of the ear lack stem cells. These cells are thus unrenewable and cannot be replaced when they are damaged or destroyed.
Photoreceptors
The retina is composed of several layers and contains specialized cells called photoreceptors. The photoreceptors (rods and cones) change their membrane potential when stimulated by light energy. There are two types of photoreceptors—rods and cones—which differ in the shape of...
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Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen01:14

Design Example: Resistive Touchscreen

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A device engineer plays a crucial role in designing user interfaces for mobile devices. One such interface is the resistive touchscreen, which fundamentally consists of two metallic layers: a flexible upper layer and a rigid lower layer, separated by a narrow gap. The high resistance between these two layers is a key characteristic of this design.
When a user touches the screen, the two layers make contact at a specific point known as the touchpoint. This contact reduces the resistance between...
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Video Experimental Relacionado

Updated: Apr 30, 2026

Measurement of Vibration Detection Threshold and Tactile Spatial Acuity in Human Subjects
07:32

Measurement of Vibration Detection Threshold and Tactile Spatial Acuity in Human Subjects

Published on: September 1, 2016

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Las células de Merkel son un tema delicado.

Qiufu Ma1

  • 1Dana-Farber Cancer Institute and Department of Neurobiology, Harvard Medical School, 450 Brookline Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Cell
|April 29, 2014
PubMed
Resumen

Las células Merkel son los sitios primarios de la sensación táctil, utilizando el canal de iones Piezo2 para la transducción. Estas células también juegan un papel sorprendente en la alodinia, ofreciendo un nuevo objetivo para las terapias de dolor crónico.

Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • Biología celular Biología celular.
  • Fisiología Sensorial Fisiología Sensorial.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los mecanismos por los cuales el complejo neurito-célula de Merkel percibe y procesa la información táctil no se comprenden completamente.
  • Las células Merkel son células especializadas de la piel asociadas con las terminaciones nerviosas, tradicionalmente implicadas en la percepción del tacto.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Aclarar las funciones específicas de las células Merkel y la maquinaria molecular asociada en la transducción táctil.
  • Investigar la participación de las células Merkel en el fenómeno de la alodinia y sus posibles implicaciones terapéuticas.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó técnicas avanzadas de imagen para observar las interacciones neurita-célula de Merkel in vivo.

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  • Se empleó la manipulación genética para evaluar la función del canal iónico Piezo2 en las células Merkel.
  • Investigó respuestas conductuales a estímulos táctiles y dolor mecánico en modelos experimentales.

    • Principales resultados:

    • Identificó las células Merkel como los principales sitios para la conversión inicial de estímulos táctiles mecánicos en señales neuronales (transducción táctil).
    • Se demostró que el canal iónico Piezo2 es esencial para este proceso de transducción táctil mediado por las células Merkel.
    • Se reveló que las células de Merkel están involucradas críticamente en la generación de alodinia, un tipo de hipersensibilidad al dolor.

    Conclusiones:

    • Las células Merkel se confirman como los transductores primarios del tacto, con Piezo2 actuando como el mecanosensor clave.
    • El descubrimiento del papel de las células Merkel en la alodinia presenta un nuevo objetivo celular para el desarrollo de tratamientos para enfermedades de dolor crónico.