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Co-optar proteínas transportadoras de azufre de las vías metabólicas primarias para la biosíntesis de 2-tiosugar
Eita Sasaki1, Xuan Zhang2, He G Sun3
1Department of Chemistry, University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas 78712, USA.
Nature
|May 13, 2014
Resumen
Los científicos aclararon cómo los átomos de azufre forman enlaces carbono-azufre en productos naturales. Descubrieron un sistema flexible de suministro de azufre en Amycolatopsis orientalis, crucial para la biosíntesis de antibióticos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La bioquímica es la bioquímica.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Síntesis de Productos Naturales.
Sus antecedentes:
- El azufre es vital para la vida, pero su incorporación a los metabolitos secundarios es poco conocida.
- La biosíntesis del metabolito primario utiliza proteínas transportadoras de azufre activadas por enzimas específicas.
- Por lo general, los genes para estas enzimas y proteínas se agrupan juntos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la biosíntesis de la fracción de 2-tiosugar en el antibiótico BE-7585A.
- Para identificar las enzimas y mecanismos involucrados en la incorporación de azufre.
- Para comprender el sistema de suministro de azufre en la Amycolatopsis orientalis.
Principales métodos:
- Identificación de una supuesta 2-tioglucosa sintasa (BexX).
- Secuenciación del genoma de la Amycolatopsis orientalis.
- Ensayos bioquímicos para probar la actividad enzimática y las interacciones de las proteínas.
- Cristalografía de rayos X para determinar la estructura de las proteínas.
Principales resultados:
- BexX fue identificado como una 2-tioglucosa sintasa, similar a ThiG.
- No se encontró ningún gen de proteína portadora de azufre en el grupo BE-7585A.
- Una sola enzima activadora en A. orientalis puede modificar múltiples proteínas transportadoras de azufre.
- La cristalografía de rayos X reveló la base estructural para el reconocimiento selectivo de proteínas de BexX.
Conclusiones:
- Este estudio proporciona la primera caracterización completa de la formación natural de tiosugar.
- Amycolatopsis orientalis utiliza un sistema promiscuo de suministro de azufre para el metabolismo primario y secundario.
- Los hallazgos sugieren una estrategia general de cooptar la maquinaria de azufre del metabolismo primario para la biosíntesis de productos naturales.
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