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Formas contrastantes de los componentes de control de la plasticidad evocados por la cocaína de la recaída
Vincent Pascoli1, Jean Terrier1, Julie Espallergues2
11] Department of Basic Neurosciences, Medical Faculty, University of Geneva, CH-1211 Geneva, Switzerland [2].
Nature
|May 23, 2014
Resumen
La adicción a la cocaína secuestra los circuitos cerebrales, alterando la plasticidad sináptica en el núcleo accumbens. Invertir estos cambios en vías específicas puede detener el comportamiento de búsqueda de drogas, ofreciendo nuevos objetivos terapéuticos.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Investigación de adicciones Investigación de adicciones.
- La plasticidad sináptica.
Sus antecedentes:
- El núcleo accumbens integra información para guiar el comportamiento.
- Las drogas adictivas pueden explotar este sistema, lo que lleva a la recaída a través de señales.
- Los cambios sinápticos específicos y los vínculos causales en la recaída de drogas no están claros.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los mecanismos sinápticos subyacentes a la recaída inducida por la cocaína.
- Determinar el papel causal de las alteraciones específicas del circuito en la búsqueda de drogas.
- Identificar cómo la cocaína se apodera del procesamiento de la información del núcleo accumbens.
Principales métodos:
- Modelo de ratón de búsqueda retardada de cocaína asociada a señales.
- Electrofisiología ex vivo en circuitos definidos optogenéticamente.
- Manipulación optogenética para revertir la plasticidad sináptica provocada por la cocaína.
Principales resultados:
- La búsqueda de cocaína se correlacionó con la transmisión alterada del receptor AMPA y la relación AMPA / NMDA en mPFC y las entradas del hipocampo ventral al núcleo accumbens shell D1R-MSNs.
- La inversión de la plasticidad en estas entradas abolió el comportamiento de búsqueda.
- La reversión selectiva deterioró la discriminación de la respuesta o redujo el vigor de la respuesta.
Conclusiones:
- La cocaína ordena el núcleo accumbens, la integración de la información en distintas sinapsis para facilitar la recaída.
- Los hallazgos destacan el papel causal de la plasticidad sináptica en la adicción.
- Este enfoque puede identificar las causas sinápticas de otros trastornos del comportamiento.
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