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Fusión del basalto subducido en el límite núcleo-manto

Denis Andrault¹, Giacomo Pesce², Mohamed Ali Bouhifd²

¹Laboratoire Magmas et Volcans, Université Blaise Pascal, CNRS, IRD, Clermont-Ferrand, France. denis.andrault@univ-bpclermont.fr.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|May 24, 2014

Resumen

El basalto de la cresta medio oceánica (MORB) derritiéndose en el manto profundo puede explicar las anomalías sísmicas. Este material subducido se derrite debajo del manto sólido, lo que influye en las interpretaciones sísmicas de la frontera núcleo-manto.

Área de la Ciencia:

La geofísica es la geofísica.
Física de los minerales Física de los minerales
Sismología Sismología Sismología.

Sus antecedentes:

Las zonas sísmicas de velocidad ultrabaja (ULVZ) en el límite núcleo-manto (CMB) están influenciadas por los materiales geológicos de la Tierra profunda.
La fusión parcial del manto inferior es una causa propuesta para las ZVUL, pero no tiene en cuenta su aparición regional.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar las propiedades de fusión del basalto de la cresta oceánica media (MORB) bajo condiciones de límite núcleo-manto.
Determinar si el MORB subducido puede explicar la presencia y las características de las ULVZ sísmicas.

Principales métodos:

Petrología experimental que simula presiones y temperaturas en el límite entre el núcleo y el manto (135 GPa).
Análisis del inicio de la fusión y la generación de líquidos a partir de las composiciones MORB.

Principales resultados:

MORB comienza a derretirse a aproximadamente 3800 Kelvin, que es ~350 Kelvin por debajo del manto sólido a 135 GPa.
El líquido rico en SiO2 generado puede quedar atrapado dentro del material MORB o reaccionar con el manto rico en MgO circundante.
Este proceso conduce a la remezcla de MORB subducido con el material más bajo del manto.

Conclusiones:

El MORB subducido puede fundirse a presiones de CMB, formando potencialmente o contribuyendo a las ULVZ.
El comportamiento de fusión de MORB proporciona una explicación plausible para la naturaleza no ubicua de las ZVUL regionales.
La comprensión de la fusión MORB es crucial para interpretar los datos sísmicos de la frontera entre el núcleo y el manto.

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