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La ruptura del hielo marino inducida por la tormenta y las implicaciones para la extensión del hielo
A L Kohout1, M J M Williams2, S M Dean2
1National Institute of Water and Atmospheric Research, Christchurch 8011, New Zealand.
Nature
|May 30, 2014
Resumen
Las grandes olas oceánicas rompen el hielo marino antártico a cientos de kilómetros del borde del hielo, desafiando los modelos anteriores. Este hallazgo revela un papel significativo para la energía de las olas en la ruptura del hielo marino y la dinámica de retirada.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Oceanografía La oceanografía es la oceanografía.
- Glaciología glaciología.
- Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima Ciencias del clima
Sus antecedentes:
- Comprender la ruptura del hielo marino es crucial para predecir los cambios en el Ártico y la Antártida.
- Estudios anteriores carecían de mediciones directas de grandes olas generadas por tormentas que se propagan a través del hielo marino.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para medir el impacto de las olas oceánicas generadas por tormentas en el hielo marino antártico.
- Para investigar los mecanismos y la extensión de la ruptura del hielo marino por las olas del océano.
Principales métodos:
- Observaciones simultáneas en múltiples ubicaciones en el hielo marino antártico.
- Análisis del decaimiento de la altura de la onda (lineal vs exponencial) para diferentes tamaños de onda.
- Comparación de las posiciones observadas del borde del hielo marino con las alturas de las olas significativas modeladas.
Principales resultados:
- Las grandes olas oceánicas (altura de onda significativa > 3 metros) rompen el hielo marino mucho más hacia el interior de lo previsto.
- El decaimiento de la altura de onda es casi lineal para las ondas grandes, no es exponencial como se asume comúnmente.
- El retroceso y la expansión del borde del hielo marino se correlacionan con el aumento y la disminución de las alturas de las olas significativas, respectivamente.
Conclusiones:
- Las grandes olas oceánicas juegan un papel más significativo en la ruptura y el retroceso del hielo marino de lo que se entendía anteriormente.
- Es posible que los modelos climáticos actuales necesiten incorporar las interacciones ola-hielo para predecir con precisión los cambios en el hielo marino.
- Los hallazgos proporcionan datos críticos para mejorar el hielo marino y los modelos climáticos.
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