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Long-term Potentiation01:35

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre- and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term Potentiation01:25

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Long-term potentiation, or LTP, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTP is the process of synaptic strengthening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic strengthening of LTP works in opposition to the synaptic weakening of long-term depression (LTD) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Long-term depression, or LTD, is one of the ways by which synaptic plasticity—changes in the strength of chemical synapses—can occur in the brain. LTD is the process of synaptic weakening that occurs over time between pre and postsynaptic neuronal connections. The synaptic weakening of LTD works in opposition to synaptic strengthening by long-term potentiation (LTP) and together are the main mechanisms that underlie learning and memory.
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Ingeniería de una memoria con LTD y LTP.

Sadegh Nabavi1, Rocky Fox1, Christophe D Proulx2

  • 11] Center for Neural Circuits and Behavior, Department of Neuroscience and Section of Neurobiology, University of California at San Diego, California 92093, USA [2].

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|June 5, 2014
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los científicos demuestran que la depresión a largo plazo (LTD, por sus siglas en inglés) puede inactivar los recuerdos de miedo, mientras que la potenciación a largo plazo (LTP, por sus siglas en inglés) puede reactivarlos. Esta investigación proporciona evidencia causal que vincula la plasticidad sináptica con la memoria.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
  • Biología celular Biología celular.
  • Investigación de la memoria Investigación de la memoria.

Sus antecedentes:

  • Se supone que la codificación de la memoria implica plasticidad sináptica, específicamente potenciación a largo plazo (LTP) y depresión a largo plazo (LTD).
  • El establecimiento de una relación causal directa entre estos mecanismos sinápticos y la memoria ha seguido siendo un desafío significativo en la neurociencia.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Investigar el papel causal de LTP y LTD en la inactivación y reactivación de la memoria asociativa del miedo.
  • Para demostrar la manipulación directa del recuerdo de la memoria a través de modificaciones sinápticas dirigidas.

Principales métodos:

  • Utilizó la optogenética para estimular las entradas auditivas dirigidas a la amígdala en un modelo animal.
  • Aplicó el acondicionamiento LTD para inactivar la memoria del miedo asociada con un choque en el pie.
  • Se aplicó el acondicionamiento LTP para reactivar la memoria de miedo inactivada.

Principales resultados:

  • El LTD inducido optogenéticamente inactivó con éxito la memoria del miedo condicionado.
  • La posterior LTP inducida optogenéticamente reactivó la memoria del miedo previamente inactivada.
  • Demostró el control preciso sobre los estados de memoria (inactivación / reactivación) a través de la manipulación de la plasticidad sináptica.

Conclusiones:

  • Proporciona una fuerte evidencia causal que vincula la depresión a largo plazo (LTD) y la potenciación a largo plazo (LTP) con los mecanismos de inactivación y reactivación de la memoria.
  • Apoya la hipótesis de que la plasticidad sináptica es una base celular fundamental para la formación y el recuerdo de la memoria.
  • Destaca el potencial de la modulación sináptica dirigida en la comprensión y el tratamiento potencial de trastornos relacionados con la memoria.