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Indicadores que vinculan la salud y la sostenibilidad en la agenda de desarrollo post-2015
Carlos Dora1, Andy Haines2, John Balbus3
1Department of Public Health and Environment, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
Lancet (London, England)
|June 14, 2014
Resumen
Las políticas de desarrollo sostenible ofrecen importantes beneficios colaterales para la salud. La integración de indicadores de salud en los objetivos globales puede mejorar la implementación de políticas y los resultados para la sostenibilidad ambiental.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Salud Global La salud global.
- Salud Ambiental Salud del medio ambiente.
- Desarrollo sostenible Desarrollo sostenible.
Sus antecedentes:
- La salud es crucial para el desarrollo sostenible, influyendo y siendo influenciado por las políticas.
- Los Objetivos de Desarrollo del Milenio (ODM) se centraron en la salud como condición previa, pero menos en la salud como resultado.
- Los desafíos crecientes incluyen enfermedades no transmisibles y cobertura universal de salud.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Proponer métodos para seleccionar indicadores de salud para los objetivos de desarrollo post-2015.
- Destacar los beneficios colaterales para la salud de las políticas de desarrollo sostenible, especialmente en sectores no relacionados con la salud.
- Demostrar cómo los indicadores de salud pueden rastrear el progreso en la sostenibilidad ambiental.
Principales métodos:
- Desarrollar una lógica para la selección de indicadores relacionados con la salud.
- Aplicar la selección de indicadores a las áreas temáticas: ciudades, alimentación y agricultura, energía, agua y saneamiento.
- Analizando los beneficios auxiliares para la salud y la equidad en salud de las políticas de desarrollo sostenible.
Principales resultados:
- Co-beneficios de salud identificados de las políticas que reducen las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero y aumentan la resiliencia ambiental.
- Proporcionó ejemplos que demuestran los beneficios para la salud en la planificación urbana, los sistemas alimentarios, la energía y la gestión del agua.
- Mostró el potencial de los indicadores de salud para medir el progreso en sectores no relacionados con la salud.
Conclusiones:
- La incorporación de indicadores de salud en los objetivos globales aumenta la conciencia de los beneficios para la salud del desarrollo sostenible.
- Los indicadores de salud pueden hacer que las políticas de desarrollo sostenible sean más atractivas e implementables.
- Este enfoque fortalece el vínculo entre la sostenibilidad ambiental y los resultados de salud pública.
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