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Desarrollo neurológico. Los ganglios parasimpáticos se derivan de los precursores de las células de Schwann
I Espinosa-Medina1, E Outin1, C A Picard1
1Institut de Biologie de l'École Normale Supérieure, Inserm U1024, and CNRS UMR 8197, 75005 Paris, France.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 14, 2014
Resumen
Los precursores de las células de Schwann craneales dan lugar a neuronas parasimpáticas durante el desarrollo. Estas células coexpresan marcadores autónomos y son guiadas por los nervios para formar ganglios cerca de los órganos viscerales.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Biología del desarrollo Biología del desarrollo.
- La neurociencia es la neurociencia.
- Biología celular Biología celular.
Sus antecedentes:
- Las células de la cresta neural son células multipotentes que forman la mayor parte del sistema nervioso periférico.
- Los ganglios parasimpáticos son cruciales para la función de los órganos viscerales y la inervación.
- El origen preciso y la trayectoria de desarrollo de las neuronas parasimpáticas siguen siendo incompletamente entendidos.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Investigar los precursores celulares y los mecanismos de desarrollo de la formación de ganglios parasimpáticos craneales.
- Para identificar el origen de las neuronas parasimpáticas en el sistema nervioso autónomo craneal.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis de marcadores de expresión génica en las células de la cresta neural.
- Rastrear linajes celulares durante el desarrollo embrionario.
- Investigar la migración celular y las señales de orientación.
Principales resultados:
- Las células de la cresta neural asociadas al nervio craneal coexpresan marcadores precursores del homeodomain 2b pareado (Phox2b) y las células de Schwann.
- Un subconjunto de estas células regulan a la baja Phox2b para convertirse en células de Schwann.
- Otras células son guiadas por las fibras nerviosas preganglionares para formar ganglios parasimpáticos.
Conclusiones:
- Los precursores celulares de Schwann del cráneo sirven como fuente de neuronas parasimpáticas durante el desarrollo normal.
- La orientación nerviosa es un mecanismo clave para el cableado de los ganglios parasimpáticos.
- Este estudio aclara un aspecto crítico del desarrollo del sistema nervioso periférico.
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