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Primeros animales. los primeros animales. Los arrecifes metazoares de Ediacaran del grupo Nama, Namibia
A M Penny1, R Wood2, A Curtis2
1School of GeoSciences, University of Edinburgh, West Mains Road, Edinburgh EH9 3JW, UK. a.m.penny@ed.ac.uk.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
|June 28, 2014
Resumen
El animal esquelético más antiguo conocido, Cloudina, construyó arrecifes hace ~548 millones de años en Namibia. Estos arrecifes muestran la adaptación temprana de los animales a las presiones ecológicas como la depredación y la competencia.
Área de la Ciencia:
- Paleontología Paleontología.
- Biología Marina Biología Marina.
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- La construcción de arrecifes es una innovación ecológica clave en los metazoos, mejorando la alimentación y la protección.
- El registro fósil indica la aparición del arrecife metazoario como una respuesta adaptativa a las presiones ecológicas.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Para investigar la evidencia más antigua de la construcción de arrecifes por metazoos esqueléticos.
- Para caracterizar la estructura y la paleoecología de estos antiguos arrecifes.
Principales métodos:
- Análisis fósil de Cloudina en el grupo Nama, Namibia.
- Reconstrucción paleoambiental basada en las características del marco del arrecife.
Principales resultados:
- Identificó la construcción de arrecifes por Cloudina, el metazoario esquelético más antiguo conocido, que data de ~548 millones de años atrás.
- Los arrecifes de Cloudina formaron marcos abiertos y no microbianos con adherencia y cementación individuales.
- El crecimiento orientado sugiere la alimentación de suspensión pasiva en corrientes ricas en nutrientes.
Conclusiones:
- Los arrecifes de Cloudina proporcionan evidencia de una adaptación temprana de los metazoos a la creciente complejidad ecológica.
- El surgimiento de depredadores y competidores probablemente promovió la evolución de la construcción de arrecifes de metazoos.
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