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Nucleic Acid Structure01:25

Nucleic Acid Structure

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The pentose sugar in DNA is deoxyribose, while in RNA the pentose sugar is ribose. The difference between the sugars is the presence of the hydroxyl group on the ribose's second carbon and a hydrogen on the deoxyribose's second carbon. The phosphate residue attaches to the hydroxyl group of the 5′ carbon of one sugar and the hydroxyl group of the 3′ carbon of the sugar of the next nucleotide, which forms  a 5′ to 3′ phosphodiester linkage.
DNA Structure
DNA...
8.0K
Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

40.2K
Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic acids02:43

Nucleic acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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7.2K
Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers01:00

Characteristics and Nomenclature of Homopolymers

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Polymers that are made up of identical monomer units are called homopolymers. Only one repeating unit is involved in the construction of the homopolymer structure. For example, as depicted in Figure 1, polypropylene is a homopolymer constituted of propylene monomers. Here, the only repeating unit in the polymer chain is propylene.
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Phosphodiester Linkages01:01

Phosphodiester Linkages

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Overview
Phosphodiester bond forms when a phosphoric acid molecule (H3PO4) links with two hydroxyl groups (–OH) of two other molecules, forming two ester bonds. Two water molecules are released in this process. The phosphodiester bond is commonly found in nucleic acids (DNA and RNA) and plays a critical role in their structure and function.
Phosphodiester Bonds Link Nucleotides Together
DNA and RNA are polynucleotides or long chains of nucleotides that are linked together. A nucleotide is...
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Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides
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Chemical Triphosphorylation of Oligonucleotides

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El poli (oligonucleótido) es un oligonucleótido.

Carrie R James1, Anthony M Rush, Thomas Insley

  • 1Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of California, San Diego , La Jolla, California 92093, United States.

Journal of the American Chemical Society
|August 1, 2014
PubMed
Resumen
Este resumen es generado por máquina.

Los investigadores crearon nuevos polímeros de ácido nucleico utilizando la polimerización por injerto. Estos materiales de ácido nucleico polipeptídico (PNA) pueden formar nanopartículas e hibridarse con el ADN, avanzando el desarrollo de biomateriales.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Química de Polímeros La Química de Polímeros es la química de los polímeros.
  • Ciencia de los Biomateriales Ciencia de los Biomateriales.
  • Química del ácido nucleico Química del ácido nucleico

Sus antecedentes:

  • Los polímeros a base de ácido nucleico ofrecen propiedades únicas para aplicaciones avanzadas.
  • El desarrollo de métodos de polimerización eficientes para los monómeros de ácido nucleico es crucial.
  • Los ácidos nucleicos péptidos (PNA) son imitaciones de ADN con potencial en el diagnóstico y la terapéutica.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Para sintetizar polímeros de cepillo poli (oligonucleótido) y copolímeros de cepillo anfifílicos.
  • Para explorar la formación de las nanopartículas de poli-PNA.
  • Para investigar las capacidades de hibridación de estas nanoestructuras de PNA con ADN.

Principales métodos:

  • Injerto a través de la polimerización de monómeros de ácido nucleico.
  • La polimerización de la metatesis de apertura de anillo (ROMP) de los monómeros de PNA-norbornil utilizando un iniciador basado en rutenio.
  • Autoensamblaje de copolímeros de bloque anfifílico en nanopartículas.
  • Ensayos de hibridación con ADN de una sola hebra (ssDNA).

Principales resultados:

  • Preparación exitosa de polímeros de cepillo de poli (oligonucleótido) y copolímeros de cepillo anfifílicos.
  • Síntesis de poli-PNA a través de ROMP.
  • Formación de nanopartículas de poli-PNA a partir de copolímeros de bloque anfifílico.
  • Se ha demostrado la hibridación de nanopartículas de poli-PNA con ssDNA complementario.

Conclusiones:

  • Los polímeros y copolímeros de cepillo de poli (oligonucleótido) se pueden sintetizar de manera eficiente.
  • Se pueden formar nanopartículas basadas en PNA y exhibir una unión específica al ADN.
  • Este trabajo proporciona una base para las nanoestructuras basadas en PNA en el reconocimiento molecular y el diagnóstico.