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Circulación de ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-6 y mortalidad total y por causa específica: el Estudio de Salud

Jason H Y Wu¹, Rozenn N Lemaitre², Irena B King²

¹From The George Institute for Global Health, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, Australia (J.H.Y.W.); Cardiovascular Health Research Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle (R.N.L., B.M.P.); the Department of Internal Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque (I.B.K.); Public Health Sciences Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, Seattle, WA (X.S.); the Department of Epidemiology and Health Service, University of Washington, Seattle (B.M.P.); Group Health Research Institute, Group Health Cooperative, Seattle, WA (B.M.P.); New York Academy of Medicine, New York (D.S.S.); and Friedman School of Nutrition Science and Policy, Tufts University, Boston, MA (D.M.). jwu1@georgeinstitute.org.au.

|August 16, 2014

Resumen

Los niveles más altos de ácido linoleico se relacionaron con una reducción de la mortalidad en adultos mayores, particularmente por causas cardiovasculares. Esto sugiere un papel protector para este ácido graso poliinsaturado omega-6 (n-6 PUFA).

Área de la Ciencia:

Salud cardiovascular La salud cardiovascular es la salud cardiovascular.
La epidemiología nutricional.
Ácidos grasos omega-6 Ácidos grasos omega-6

Sus antecedentes:

Los ácidos grasos poliinsaturados omega-6 (n-6 PUFA) se recomiendan para reducir la enfermedad coronaria (CHD), pero existen preocupaciones con respecto a los posibles efectos proinflamatorios.
El Estudio de Salud Cardiovascular investigó la asociación entre el PUFA n-6 circulante y la mortalidad en una cohorte comunitaria estadounidense.

Objetivo del estudio:

Examinar la relación entre los niveles circulantes de AGPI n-6 específicos, incluido el ácido linoleico, y la mortalidad total y por causa específica.
Aclarar los beneficios potenciales frente a los daños de los AGPI n-6 en relación con la salud cardiovascular y la supervivencia general.

Principales métodos:

Los niveles plasmáticos de fosfolípidos n-6 PUFA se midieron en 2792 participantes (edad ≥65 años) libres de enfermedad cardiovascular al inicio.
La mortalidad por todas las causas y por causas específicas, la ECC incidente y el accidente cerebrovascular se evaluaron y adjudicaron durante un seguimiento mediano de 10,7 años.
Se utilizaron modelos de regresión de Cox para evaluar las asociaciones de PUFA con el riesgo, ajustando las covariables relevantes.

Principales resultados:

Los niveles más altos de ácido linoleico se asociaron significativamente con una menor mortalidad total (HR = 0,87, tendencia P = 0,005) y la mortalidad por enfermedades cardiovasculares, especialmente la mortalidad por ECC no arritmica (HR = 0,51, tendencia P = 0,001).
Otros PUFA n-6 medidos, incluido el ácido araquidónico, no mostraron asociación significativa con la mortalidad total o por causa específica.
La asociación inversa entre el ácido linoleico y la mortalidad fue graduada y consistente en todos los subgrupos, con el riesgo más bajo observado cuando los niveles de AINP n-6 y n-3 eran altos.

Conclusiones:

El aumento del ácido linoleico circulante está inversamente asociado con la mortalidad por enfermedad cardíaca total y coronaria en adultos mayores.
Los hallazgos sugieren un papel potencialmente protector para el ácido linoleico, desafiando las preocupaciones sobre los daños generales del PUFA n-6.
Investigaciones adicionales pueden aclarar los mecanismos que subyacen a los beneficios cardiovasculares del ácido linoleico.

Palabras clave:

Las enfermedades cardiovasculares son enfermedades cardiovasculares.epidemiología de la epidemiología.ácidos grasos, omega-6 y ácidos grasos la mortalidad por mortalidad.

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