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Understanding serum lipids is crucial for maintaining cardiovascular health and preventing heart disease and stroke.
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Atherosclerosis III: Management01:26

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Management of atherosclerosis involves an integrated strategy encompassing pharmacological treatment, surgical interventions, lifestyle changes, and nutrition therapy to address the multifactorial nature of the disease.Pharmacological TherapyA cornerstone of atherosclerosis management is the use of pharmacological agents. Statins, such as atorvastatin, are pivotal in inhibiting HMG-CoA reductase, an enzyme that catalyzes an initial step in cholesterol synthesis in the liver. This reduction in...
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Cholesterol: Significance and Regulation01:29

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Although not a source of energy, cholesterol plays a significant role as a foundational structure for bile salts, steroid hormones, and vitamin D, as well as being a crucial component of plasma membranes. Approximately 15% of blood cholesterol is derived from our diet, with the remainder synthesized from acetyl CoA by the liver and intestines. Cholesterol is eliminated from the body through its conversion into bile salts, which are eventually discarded in the feces.
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Lipids: Dietary Sources and Requirements01:18

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Lipids are an essential component of a balanced human diet. Triglycerides, which make up the majority of dietary lipids, are found in both saturated fats—commonly present in meat, dairy products, and certain tropical plants like coconut, and hydrogenated oils such as margarine and baking shortenings (trans fats)—and unsaturated fats, which are abundant in seeds, nuts, olive oil, and most vegetable oils. The main sources of cholesterol include egg yolks, various meats and organ...
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Lipid metabolism is a crucial process in the human body that involves the synthesis and degradation of lipids. This process is essential for energy production, cell membrane formation, and hormone production, among other functions.
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Lipids include a diverse group of compounds that are largely nonpolar in nature. This is because they are hydrocarbons that include mostly nonpolar carbon-carbon or carbon-hydrogen bonds. Non-polar molecules are hydrophobic (“water fearing”), or insoluble in water. Lipids perform many different functions in a cell. Cells store energy for long-term use in the form of fats. Lipids also provide insulation from the environment for plants and animals. For example, they help keep aquatic...
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Assessing Whole-Body Lipid-Handling Capacity in Mice
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Triglicéridos y enfermedades cardiovasculares.

Børge G Nordestgaard1, Anette Varbo1

  • 1Department of Clinical Biochemistry and The Copenhagen General Population Study, Herlev Hospital, Copenhagen University Hospital, Herlev, Denmark; Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Lancet (London, England)
|August 19, 2014
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Resumen

Los niveles elevados de triglicéridos son cada vez más reconocidos como un factor de riesgo significativo para las enfermedades cardiovasculares y la mortalidad. Los nuevos medicamentos para reducir los triglicéridos y los ensayos en curso tienen como objetivo confirmar sus beneficios cardiovasculares.

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Área de la Ciencia:

  • Medicina Cardiovascular La medicina cardiovascular es una especialidad de la salud.
  • El metabolismo de los lípidos.
  • Farmacología Farmacología.

Sus antecedentes:

  • El enfoque clínico se ha desplazado del colesterol LDL y el colesterol HDL a los triglicéridos.
  • La evidencia genética y epidemiológica destaca los triglicéridos, el colesterol remanente y las lipoproteínas ricas en triglicéridos como factores de riesgo de enfermedades cardiovasculares (ECV).
  • El colesterol HDL bajo puede no ser tan causante de ECV como se pensaba anteriormente.

Objetivo del estudio:

  • Revisar la comprensión actual del papel de los triglicéridos en las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
  • Discutir las implicaciones de la nueva evidencia y el desarrollo de fármacos en el manejo de los triglicéridos.

Principales métodos:

  • Revisión de estudios genéticos y ensayos controlados aleatorios.
  • Análisis de datos epidemiológicos sobre los niveles de triglicéridos y el riesgo cardiovascular.
  • Discusión de las terapias actuales y emergentes para reducir los triglicéridos.

Principales resultados:

  • Las concentraciones de triglicéridos entre 2-10 mmol/L están asociadas con un mayor riesgo de ECV.
  • Los niveles de triglicéridos >10 mmol/L aumentan el riesgo de pancreatitis aguda y potencialmente de ECV.
  • La evidencia que respalda el beneficio cardiovascular de la reducción de los triglicéridos en ensayos aleatorizados es limitada, pero emergente.

Conclusiones:

  • Hay un renovado interés en los triglicéridos como un factor clave en las enfermedades cardiovasculares.
  • Se están desarrollando nuevos medicamentos para reducir los triglicéridos, con grandes ensayos en curso.
  • Se espera evidencia concluyente sobre los beneficios cardiovasculares de la reducción de triglicéridos de la investigación en curso.