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Analysis of LINE-1 Retrotransposition at the Single Nucleus Level
Published on: April 23, 2016
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Una carrera armamentista evolutiva entre los genes del dedo de zinc KRAB ZNF91/93 y los retrotransposones SVA/L1
Frank M J Jacobs1, David Greenberg2, Ngan Nguyen3
11] Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, University of California Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz, California 95064, USA [2] [3] Swammerdam Institute for Life Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam 1098 XH, The Netherlands (F.M.J.J.); Gladstone Institute of Virology and Immunology, San Francisco, California 94158, USA (D.G.); Mater Research Institute, University of Queensland, Queensland 4101, Australia (A.D.E.).
Nature
|October 3, 2014
Resumen
Los genomas de los primates evolucionaron los genes KRAB del dedo de zinc (KZNF) para suprimir retrotransposones activas como SVA y L1. Esta carrera armamentista entre la expansión del KZNF y la evasión del retrotransposón impulsa la evolución del genoma.
Área de la Ciencia:
- La genómica es la genómica.
- Biología Molecular Biología Molecular
- Biología evolutiva Biología evolutiva.
Sus antecedentes:
- Los genomas de los primates están formados por inserciones de retrotransposones, y los mecanismos del huésped evolucionan para reprimirlos.
- Las proteínas KRAB del dedo de zinc (KZNF), como el ZFP809 en ratones, reclutan a KAP1 para silenciar las retrotransposones.
- La expansión de los genes KZNF en los primates está relacionada con la adaptación a los nuevos retrotransposones.
Objetivo del estudio:
- Identificar los genes KZNF específicos de los primates que reprimen las retrotransposones humanas actualmente activas.
- Comprender la dinámica evolutiva entre los genes KZNF y los retrotransposones.
Principales métodos:
- El análisis comparativo de la genómica.
- La reconstrucción de la historia evolutiva reconstrucción de la historia evolutiva
- Identificación de las interacciones entre el KZNF y la retrotransposón.
Principales resultados:
- Dos genes KZNF específicos de primates, ZNF91 y ZNF93, evolucionaron para reprimir los retrotransposones SVA y L1, respectivamente.
- ZNF91 evolucionó cambios estructurales hace ~8-12 millones de años para reprimir los elementos SVA.
- Las retrotransposonas L1 (subfamilia L1PA3) escaparon de la represión de ZNF93 hace ~12.5 millones de años a través de la pérdida del sitio de unión.
Conclusiones:
- La expansión del gen KZNF actúa como una defensa contra las nuevas familias de retrotransposones.
- Las retrotransposones evolucionan para evadir la represión del KZNF, creando un ciclo evolutivo continuo.
- Este proceso coevolucionario explica la rápida expansión de los genes KZNF específicos de los primates.
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