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Memoria de las células T. Memoria de las células T. Las células T CD8+ de memoria residentes en la piel desencadenan

Silvia Ariotti¹, Marc A Hogenbirk², Feline E Dijkgraaf¹

¹Division of Immunology, Netherlands Cancer Institute, 1066 CX Amsterdam, Netherlands.

Science (New York, N.Y.)

|October 4, 2014

Resumen

Las células T de memoria residentes en el tejido (células T (RM)) en la piel pueden alertar al entorno local de los patógenos mediante la activación de genes antivirales y antibacterianos. Esta respuesta protege contra infecciones y variantes no relacionadas.

Área de la Ciencia:

Inmunología Inmunología.
Microbiología Microbiología.
Virología Virología.

Sus antecedentes:

Las células T de memoria residentes en el tejido específico del patógeno (células T (RM)) proporcionan una protección rápida contra la reinfección en los tejidos no linfáticos.
La comprensión de los mecanismos por los cuales las células T ((RM) conferen protección es crucial para desarrollar estrategias efectivas de vacunación.

Objetivo del estudio:

Investigar los mecanismos de protección empleados por las células T ((RM) en la piel contra los patógenos.
Para aclarar cómo las células T (RM) contribuyen a la inmunidad rápida y de amplio espectro en los sitios de barrera.

Principales métodos:

El estudio utilizó modelos de ratón para examinar la función de las células T ((RM) en la piel.
Se realizó un análisis de expresión génica para identificar los cambios moleculares inducidos por las células T (((RM) activadas.

Principales resultados:

Las células activadas de T (RM) en la piel del ratón inducen la expresión de genes antivirales y antibacterianos ampliamente activos.
Este sistema de "alerta de patógenos" permite a las células T (RM) protegerse contra virus no relacionados antigénicamente.
El mecanismo amplifica la activación local de las células T (RM) en una respuesta en todo el órgano.

Conclusiones:

Las células T CD8 ((+) de memoria residente en el tejido emplean un mecanismo rápido de "alerta de patógeno" para proteger los sitios previamente infectados.
Esta respuesta mejora la inmunidad contra diversos patógenos y posibles variantes de escape.
Los hallazgos ofrecen información sobre la mejora de la inmunidad celular T (RM) inducida por la vacuna en las barreras de la mucosa y la piel.

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